Simulation of Dipterocarp rain forest (Borneo) with FORMIND

Simulation of primary forest in Sabah (Malaysia) for 50 years.
Logging with two different methods (reduced-impact vs. conventional) were performed at year 10.
Forest development in one hectare is shown.

Different colors represent different tree species groups, all tree with a diameter d >= 10 cm are shown.
Light-green: Late successional species; dark-green: mid-successional species; red: early successional species.

Please click images to enlarge.



Reduced-impact logging

time=0 yr, undisturbed forest

time=10 yr, directly after selective logging

time=50 yr, rebuilding phase

Conventional logging

time= 0 yr, undisturbed forest

time= 10 yr, directly after logging

time= 50 yr, rebuilding phase