Within ten floodplain forest fragments of the Alno-Ulmion complex situated near the rivers Weibe Elster and Saale in Central Germany, the mycocenosis was investigated from 1993 to 1995 on the basis of fruiting body phenology. The major part of the mycocenosis is formed by saprophytic species, which are important for the fast degradation of organic material in the floodplain forests. In areas where forestry has left dead trunks and branches of trees, lignicolous species form the main feature of the fungal communities. Ectomycorrhizal fungi, which are important elements of the mycocoenosis of other temperate forest types, are represented in these systems by specialists, bound to typical ectotrophic plants within floodplains or to regular disturbance. Relatively few ectomycorrhizal species were found. They are known mainly within agaricoid taxa, which are represented by species with mostly small ephemeral fruiting bodies and their fruiting bodies occur with very low abundance within the floodplains. Other potential as yet unknown ectomycorrhizal partners might be found among corticoid taxa, which are numerous, but in many cases their ecology is unknown. Hypogeous fungi like truffles, might be another possibility as they were found within these floodplains in the last century.