Publication Details

Category Text Publication
Reference Category Journals
DOI 10.1289/ehp.7301
Title (Primary) Nitromusk and polycyclic musk compounds as long-term inhibitors of cellular xenobiotic defense systems mediated by multidrug transporters
Author Luckenbach, T. ORCID logo ; Epel, D.
Source Titel Environmental Health Perspectives
Year 2005
Department ZELLTOX
Volume 113
Issue 1
Page From 17
Page To 24
Language englisch
Keywords chemosensitizers, fragrances, MDR, multidrug resistance, multixenobiotic resistance, MXR, Mytilus californianus, nitromusks, polycyclic musks
Abstract Synthetic musk compounds, widely used as fragrances in consumer products, have been detected in human tissue and, surprisingly, in aquatic organisms such as fish and mollusks. Although their persistence and potential to bioaccumulate are of concern, the toxicity and environmental risks of these chemicals are generally regarded as low. Here, however, we show that nitromusks and polycyclic musks inhibit the activity of multidrug efflux transporters responsible for multixenobiotic resistance (MXR) in gills of the marine mussel Mytilus californianus. The IC10 (concentration that inhibits 10%) values for the different classes of musks were in the range of 0.09-0.39 µM, and IC50 values were 0.74-2.56 µM. The immediate consequence of inhibition of efflux transporters is that normally excluded xenobiotics will now be able to enter the cell. Remarkably, the inhibitory effects of a brief 2-hr exposure to musks were only partially reversed after a 24- to 48-hr recovery period in clean seawater. This unexpected consequence of synthetic musks--a long-term loss of efflux transport activity--will result in continued accumulation of normally excluded toxicants even after direct exposure to the musk has ended. These findings also point to the need to determine whether other environmental chemicals have similar long-term effects on these transporters. The results are relevant to human health because they raise the possibility that exposure to common xenobiotics and pharmaceuticals could cause similar long-term inhibition of these transporters and lead to increased exposure to normally excluded toxicants.
Persistent UFZ Identifier https://www.ufz.de/index.php?en=20939&ufzPublicationIdentifier=3589
Luckenbach, T., Epel, D. (2005):
Nitromusk and polycyclic musk compounds as long-term inhibitors of cellular xenobiotic defense systems mediated by multidrug transporters
Environ. Health Perspect. 113 (1), 17 - 24 10.1289/ehp.7301