Publication Details |
| Category | Text Publication |
| Reference Category | Journals |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.envpol.2026.129079 |
Licence  |
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| Title (Primary) | Early-life exposure to ambient air pollution and respiratory outcomes: Mixture and sex-stratified associations with inflammatory cytokine responses |
| Author | Gómez-Olarte, S.
; Röder, S.
; de Hoogh, K.; Vermeulen, R.; Herberth, G.
; Zenclussen, A.C. |
| Source Titel | Environmental Pollution |
| Year | 2026 |
| Department | IMMU |
| Volume | 409 |
| Page From | art. 129079 |
| Language | englisch |
| Topic | T9 Healthy Planet |
| Supplements | Supplement 1 |
| Keywords | Air pollution; Bronchitis; Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR); Inflammatory cytokines; Residential greenness; Wheezing |
| Abstract | Evidence
on the link between air pollution and inflammatory responses is scarce,
especially during early life. This study investigates the associations
between air pollution exposure, respiratory outcomes, and cytokine
responses during the first year of life, and whether these are modified
by sex and temperature. The association of residential exposure to
ambient PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 with the
prevalence of bronchitis and wheezing in 1-year-old infants (n = 606)
was examined using logistic regression. In the subcohort (n = 508) with
cytokine data (TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-8, IL-6, and IL-10, pg/mL) after
lipopolysaccharide stimulation, single pollutants were correlated with
inflammatory biomarkers by linear regression, and mixture effects were
estimated using Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR). All models
were stratified by sex and adjusted for covariates and residential
greenness. Estimates were calculated per IQR increase in PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 exposures: 2.0, 2.8, and 9.1 μg/m3, respectively. In boys, an IQR increase in PM2.5
was associated with higher odds of bronchitis (aOR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.02
- 2.23) and IL-8 concentrations (23.8%, 95% CI: 11.2 - 37.9%). In
girls, an IQR increase in PM2.5 was associated with elevated
concentrations of IL-8 (31.9%, 95% CI: 18.6 - 46.7%) and TNF-α (12.8%,
95% CI: 3.9 - 22.6%). All air pollutants were consistently associated
with increased IL-10 concentrations in girls, with PM2.5
having the strongest effect (35.7%, 95% CI: 14.4 - 61.1%) per IQR
increment. BKMR mixture analyses revealed a positive non-linear
association between the air pollutant mixture, IL-8, and TNF-α when all
air pollutants exceeded their 60th percentile. Infants in the upper
temperature tertile showed stronger associations with IL-8 in response
to PM2.5 and NO2 exposures. Altogether, our findings suggest that PM2.5 is the primary predictor of respiratory outcomes and inflammatory responses during the first year of life. |
| Gómez-Olarte, S., Röder, S., de Hoogh, K., Vermeulen, R., Herberth, G., Zenclussen, A.C. (2026): Early-life exposure to ambient air pollution and respiratory outcomes: Mixture and sex-stratified associations with inflammatory cytokine responses Environ. Pollut. 409 , art. 129079 10.1016/j.envpol.2026.129079 |
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