Phototrophic microbes harness solar energy to fix atmospheric carbon and nitrogen, offering a promising route to provide renewable energy and materials while mitigating global warming. Yet, making these systems competitive with current technologies remains elusive. Here, we design a novel phototrophic microbial consortium to overcome metabolic limits and enable light-regulated CO₂ and N₂ fixation for sustainable bioenergy production, making a first step towards achieving sustainable development.