Publication Details |
| Category | Text Publication |
| Reference Category | Journals |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121893 |
| Title (Primary) | Source differentiation of BTEX compounds in groundwater contaminated due to refinery activities |
| Author | Nassery, H.R.; Shahsavari, A.A.; Vogt, C.; Kümmel, S.; Kuntze, K.; Khodaei, K.; Nikpeyman, Y.; Richnow, H.-H. |
| Source Titel | Journal of Environmental Management |
| Year | 2024 |
| Department | TECH |
| Volume | 366 |
| Page From | art. 121893 |
| Language | englisch |
| Topic | T7 Bioeconomy |
| Supplements | https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0301479724018796-mmc1.docx |
| Keywords | BTEX; Compound-specific isotope analysis; Fingerprinting; Groundwater contamination; Source differentiation |
| Abstract | This study aims to identify sources of groundwater contamination in a
refinery area using integrated compound-specific stable isotope analysis
(CSIA), oil fingerprinting techniques, hydrogeological data, and distillation
analysis. The investigations focused on determination of the origin of benzene,
toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX), and aliphatic hydrocarbons as well.
Groundwater and floating oil samples were collected from extraction wells for analysis.
Results indicate presence of active leaks in both the northern and southern
zones. In the northern zone, toluene was found to primarily originate from oil
products like aviation turbine kerosene (ATK or aviation fuel), kerosene,
regular gasoline, and diesel fuel. Additionally, stable isotope ratios of
carbon and hydrogen for ethylbenzene, o-xylene (ortho xylene) and p-xylene
(para xylene) in zone A suggested the pollution originated from gasoline within
the northern zone. The origin of super gasoline (with higher octane) identified
in southern zone using δ13C and δ2H values of toluene in the
floating oil and groundwater samples. Further, biodegradation of toluene likely
occurred in southern zone according to δ13C and δ2H. The
findings underscore the critical importance of integrating CSIA and
fingerprinting techniques to effectively address the challenges of source
identification and relying solely on each method independently is insufficient.
Accordingly, comparing the GC-MS results of floating oil samples with ATK and jet
fuel (JP4) standards can be effectively utilized for source differentiation.
However, this method showed no practical application to distinguish different
types of diesel or gasoline. The accuracy and reliability of source
identification of BTEX compounds may significantly improve when hydrogeological
data incorporates with stable isotopes analysis. Additionally, the results of
this study will elevate the procedures for fuel-related contaminants source
identification of the polluted groundwater that is crucial to develop effective
remediation strategies.
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| Persistent UFZ Identifier | https://www.ufz.de/index.php?en=20939&ufzPublicationIdentifier=29553 |
| Nassery, H.R., Shahsavari, A.A., Vogt, C., Kümmel, S., Kuntze, K., Khodaei, K., Nikpeyman, Y., Richnow, H.-H. (2024): Source differentiation of BTEX compounds in groundwater contaminated due to refinery activities J. Environ. Manage. 366 , art. 121893 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121893 |
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