Publication Details |
| Category | Text Publication |
| Reference Category | Journals |
| DOI | 10.1111/1365-2745.14038 |
| Document | Shareable Link |
| Title (Primary) | Nutrient addition drives declines in grassland species richness primarily via enhanced species loss |
| Author | Muehleisen, A.J.; Watkins, C.R.E.; Altmire, G.R.; Shaw, E.A.; Case, M.F.; Aoyama, L.; Brambila, A.; Reed, P.B.; LaForgia, M.; Borer, E.T.; Seabloom, E.W.; Bakker, J.D.; Amillas, C.A.; Biederman, L.; Chen, Q.; Cleland, E.E.; Fay, P.A.; Hagenah, N.; Harpole, S.
; Hautier, Y.; Henning, J.A.; Knops, J.M.H.; Komatsu, K.J.; Ladouceur, E.; MacDougall, A.; McCulley, R.L.; Moore, J.L.; Ohlert, T.; Power, S.A.; Stevens, C.J.; Wilfahrt, P.; Hallett, L.M. |
| Source Titel | Journal of Ecology |
| Year | 2023 |
| Department | iDiv; PHYDIV |
| Volume | 111 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Page From | 552 |
| Page To | 563 |
| Language | englisch |
| Topic | T5 Future Landscapes |
| Data and Software links | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.2ngf1vhs9 |
| Supplements | https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/downloadSupplement?doi=10.1111%2F1365-2745.14038&file=jec14038-sup-0001-FigureS1.pdf https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/downloadSupplement?doi=10.1111%2F1365-2745.14038&file=jec14038-sup-0002-FigureS2.pdf https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/downloadSupplement?doi=10.1111%2F1365-2745.14038&file=jec14038-sup-0003-FigureS3.pdf https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/downloadSupplement?doi=10.1111%2F1365-2745.14038&file=jec14038-sup-0004-FigureS4.pdf https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/downloadSupplement?doi=10.1111%2F1365-2745.14038&file=jec14038-sup-0005-FigureS5.pdf https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/downloadSupplement?doi=10.1111%2F1365-2745.14038&file=jec14038-sup-0006-FigureS6.pdf https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/downloadSupplement?doi=10.1111%2F1365-2745.14038&file=jec14038-sup-0007-Supinfo.docx |
| Keywords | dynamic equilibrium; grasslands; nutrient enrichment; Nutrient Network (NutNet); plant population and community dynamics; richness; turnover |
| Abstract | (1) Declines in grassland diversity in response to nutrient
addition are a general consequence of global change. This decline in
species richness may be driven by multiple underlying processes
operating at different timescales. Nutrient addition can reduce
diversity by enhancing the rate of local extinction via competitive
exclusion, or by reducing the rate of colonization by constraining the
pool of species able to colonize under new conditions. Partitioning net
change into extinction and colonization rates will better delineate the
long-term effect of global change in grasslands. (2) We synthesized changes in richness in response to experimental fertilization with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium with micronutrients across 30 grasslands. We quantified changes in local richness, colonization, and extinction over 8-10 years of nutrient addition, and compared these rates against control conditions to isolate the effect of nutrient addition from background dynamics. (3) Total richness at steady state in the control plots was the sum of equal, relatively high rates of local colonization and extinction. On aggregate, 30-35% of initial species were lost and the same proportion of new species were gained at least once over a decade. Absolute turnover increased with site-level richness, but was proportionately greater at lower richness sites relative to starting richness. Loss of total richness with nutrient addition, especially N in combination with P or K, was driven by enhanced rates of extinction with a smaller contribution from reduced colonization. Enhanced extinction and reduced colonization were disproportionately among native species, perennials, and forbs. Reduced colonization plateaued after the first few (< 5) years after nutrient addition, while enhanced extinction continued throughout the first decade. (4) Synthesis. Our results indicate a high rate of colonizations and extinctions underlying the richness of ambient communities, and that nutrient enhancement drives overall declines in diversity primarily by exclusion of previously established species. Moreover, enhanced extinction continues over long time scales, suggesting continuous, long-term community responses and a need for long-term study to fully realize the extinction impact of increased nutrients on grassland composition. |
| Persistent UFZ Identifier | https://www.ufz.de/index.php?en=20939&ufzPublicationIdentifier=26853 |
| Muehleisen, A.J., Watkins, C.R.E., Altmire, G.R., Shaw, E.A., Case, M.F., Aoyama, L., Brambila, A., Reed, P.B., LaForgia, M., Borer, E.T., Seabloom, E.W., Bakker, J.D., Amillas, C.A., Biederman, L., Chen, Q., Cleland, E.E., Fay, P.A., Hagenah, N., Harpole, S., Hautier, Y., Henning, J.A., Knops, J.M.H., Komatsu, K.J., Ladouceur, E., MacDougall, A., McCulley, R.L., Moore, J.L., Ohlert, T., Power, S.A., Stevens, C.J., Wilfahrt, P., Hallett, L.M. (2023): Nutrient addition drives declines in grassland species richness primarily via enhanced species loss J. Ecol. 111 (3), 552 - 563 10.1111/1365-2745.14038 |
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