Publication Details |
| Category | Text Publication |
| Reference Category | Journals |
| DOI | 10.1128/spectrum.00953-22 |
Licence  |
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| Title (Primary) | Changes in composition and diversity of epiphytic microorganisms on field pea seeds, partial crop peas, and whole crop peas during maturation and ensiling with or without lactic acid bacteria inoculant |
| Author | Bachmann, M.; Wensch-Dorendorf, M.; Kuhnitzsch, C.; Kleinsteuber, S.
; Popp, D.; Thierbach, A.; Martens, S.D.; Steinhöfel, O.; Zeyner, A. |
| Source Titel | Microbiology Spectrum |
| Year | 2022 |
| Department | UMB |
| Volume | 10 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Page From | e00953-22 |
| Language | englisch |
| Topic | T7 Bioeconomy |
| Supplements | https://journals.asm.org/doi/suppl/10.1128/spectrum.00953-22/suppl_file/spectrum.00953-22-s0001.pdf https://journals.asm.org/doi/suppl/10.1128/spectrum.00953-22/suppl_file/spectrum.00953-22-s0002.xlsx https://journals.asm.org/doi/suppl/10.1128/spectrum.00953-22/suppl_file/spectrum.00953-22-s0003.xlsx |
| Keywords | field pea; maturity; silage quality; epiphytic bacteria; eukaryotes |
| Abstract | The present study was conducted under the hypothesis that, in field
peas, type of plant material, stage of maturity, ensiling, silage
additive, and aerobic stress affect the composition and diversity of
epiphytic microbial communities. Epiphytic microbial composition and
diversity of pea seeds, partial crop peas, and whole crop peas was
analyzed at different stages of late maturity, before and after
ensiling, and with or without the use of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as
inoculant. Suitable combinations among pea crop variants, maturity
stages, and inoculant use for the production of stable silages with
sufficient aerobic stability after opening and during feed-out were
identified. Genomic DNA was extracted, and 16S and 18S rRNA gene
amplicons were sequenced. To assess the quality of the various silages,
nutrient concentration, pH value, concentration of lactic acid, short
chain fatty acids, and alcohols, and aerobic stability were determined.
Pea seeds were barely colonized by epiphytic microorganisms. In partial
and whole crop peas, composition and α-diversity (Shannon index) of
bacterial communities did not differ between crop variants but differed
among maturity stages. Epiphytic eukaryotes were rarely found on partial
and whole crop peas. Bacterial composition and α-diversity were
affected by ensiling and subsequent aerobic storage. In partial and
whole crop peas, plant maturation caused an increase of the relative
abundance of naturally occurring LAB (Weissella, Pediococcus, and Lactobacillus
spp.). As a possible result, natural LAB support stable ensiling
conditions even without the use of inoculants beginning with a maturity
of 78 on the BBCH scale. This corresponded with a dry matter (DM)
concentration of 341 and 363 g/kg in partial and whole crop peas,
respectively. Addition of LAB inoculants, however, reduced ammonia,
acetic acid, and butanol concentrations, and supported aerobic
stability. Earlier stages of plant maturity (BBCH 76 and 77, 300 g DM/kg
or less) were more prone to microbial spoilage. Stable pea seed silages
can be produced at a maturity between BBCH 78 (427 g DM/kg) and 79 (549
g DM/kg), but they undoubtedly require LAB inoculation or application
of other ensiling agents. IMPORTANCE Field peas are important protein suppliers for human and animal nutrition. They can be grown in many areas of the world, which may reduce imports of protein plants and has beneficial economic and ecological effects. Ensiling is a method of preserving feed that can be implemented easily and cost-effectively at the farm. Peas harvested as seeds, partial crop, or whole crop at different maturities enable a wide range of applications. The study characterized epiphytic microbial communities on peas in terms of composition and diversity depending on the maturity of the plants and feed conservation by ensiling as they play an essential role for the production of silages. Even if this study did not consider year, site, or cultivar effects, the results would show which part of the plant is probably well suited for the production of stable and high-quality silages and at which stage of maturity. |
| Persistent UFZ Identifier | https://www.ufz.de/index.php?en=20939&ufzPublicationIdentifier=26465 |
| Bachmann, M., Wensch-Dorendorf, M., Kuhnitzsch, C., Kleinsteuber, S., Popp, D., Thierbach, A., Martens, S.D., Steinhöfel, O., Zeyner, A. (2022): Changes in composition and diversity of epiphytic microorganisms on field pea seeds, partial crop peas, and whole crop peas during maturation and ensiling with or without lactic acid bacteria inoculant Microbiol. Spectr. 10 (4), e00953-22 10.1128/spectrum.00953-22 |
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