| Category | Text Publication | 
		    
			
				| Reference Category | Journals | 
			
			
				| DOI | 10.1111/2041-210X.13597 | 
			
						
				| Licence  |   | 
			
			
			
				| Title (Primary) | Estimating encounter location distributions from animal tracking data | 
				
		    
			
				| Author | Noonan, M.J.; Martinez‐Garcia, R.; Davis, G.H.; Crofoot, M.C.; Kays, R.; Hirsch, B.T.; Caillaud, D.; Payne, E.; Sih, A.; Sinn, D.L.; Spiegel, O.; Fagan, W.F.; Fleming, C.H.; Calabrese, J.M. | 
			
			
				| Source Titel | Methods in Ecology and Evolution | 
			
				| Year | 2021 | 
			
				| Department | OESA | 
			
				| Volume | 12 | 
			
				| Issue | 7 | 
			
				| Page From | 1158 | 
			
				| Page To | 1173 | 
			
				| Language | englisch | 
			
				| Topic | T5 Future Landscapes | 
				| Data and Software links | https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.sf7m0cg5d | 
			
				| Supplements | https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/downloadSupplement?doi=10.1111%2F2041-210X.13597&file=mee313597-sup-0001-Supinfo.pdf | 
			
				| Keywords | highlight; Animal movement; Cebus capucinus; Contact; Home range; Interactions; Tiliqua rugosa | 
			
			
			
			
				| Abstract | Ecologists have long been interested in linking 
individual behavior with higher‐level processes. For motile species, 
this ‘upscaling’ is governed by how well any given movement strategy 
maximizes encounters with positive factors, and minimizes encounters 
with negative factors. Despite the importance of encounter events for a 
broad range of ecological processes, encounter theory has not kept pace 
with developments in animal tracking or movement modeling. Furthermore, 
existing work has focused primarily on the relationship between animal 
movement and encounter rates while the relationship between individual movement and the spatial locations of encounter events in the environment has remained conspicuously understudied.
            Here, we bridge this gap by introducing a method for 
describing the long‐term encounter location probabilities for movement 
within home ranges, termed the conditional distribution of encounters 
(CDE). We then derive this distribution, as well as confidence 
intervals, implement its statistical estimator into open source 
software, and demonstrate the broad ecological relevance of this 
distribution.We first use simulated data to show how our estimator 
provides asymptotically consistent estimates. We then demonstrate the 
general utility of this method for three simulation‐based scenarios that
 occur routinely in biological systems: i) a population of individuals 
with home ranges that overlap with neighbors; ii) a pair of individuals 
with a hard territorial border between their home ranges; and iii) a 
predator with a large home range that encompassed the home ranges of 
multiple prey individuals. Using GPS data from white‐faced capuchins (Cebus capucinus) tracked on Barro Colorado Island, Panama, and sleepy lizards (Tiliqua rugosa)
 tracked in Bundey, South Australia, we then show how the CDE can be 
used to estimate the locations of territorial borders, identify key 
resources, quantify the potential for competitive or predatory 
interactions, and/or identify any changes in behaviour that directly 
result from location‐specific encounter probability.
            The CDE enables researchers to better understand the 
dynamics of populations of interacting individuals. Notably, the general
 estimation framework developed in this work builds straightforwardly 
off of home range estimation and requires no specialised data collection
 protocols. This method is now openly available via the ctmm R package.
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				| Persistent UFZ Identifier | https://www.ufz.de/index.php?en=20939&ufzPublicationIdentifier=24506 | 
			
				| Noonan, M.J., Martinez‐Garcia, R., Davis, G.H., Crofoot, M.C., Kays, R., Hirsch, B.T., Caillaud, D., Payne, E., Sih, A., Sinn, D.L., Spiegel, O., Fagan, W.F., Fleming, C.H., Calabrese, J.M. (2021): Estimating encounter location distributions from animal tracking data
 Methods Ecol. Evol. 12 (7), 1158 - 1173 10.1111/2041-210X.13597
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