Details zur Publikation

Kategorie Textpublikation
Referenztyp Zeitschriften
DOI 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.09.013
Lizenz creative commons licence
Titel (primär) Glycemic control contributes to the neuroprotective effects of Mediterranean and green Mediterranean diets on brain age: the DIRECT-PLUS brain-magnetic resonance imaging randomized controlled trial
Autor Pachter, D.; Kaplan, A.; Tsaban, G.; Zelicha, H.; Meir, A.Y.; Rinott, E.; Levakov, G.; Salti, M.; Yovell, Y.; Huhn, S.; Beyer, F.; Witte, V.; Kovacs, P.; von Bergen, M.; Ceglarek, U.; Blüher, M.; Stumvoll, M.; Hu, F.B.; Stampfer, M.J.; Friedman, A.; Shelef, I.; Avidan, G.; Shai, I.
Quelle American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Erscheinungsjahr 2024
Department ETOX; MOLTOX
Band/Volume 120
Heft 5
Seite von 1029
Seite bis 1036
Sprache englisch
Topic T9 Healthy Planet
Supplements https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0002916524007457-mmc1.docx
Keywords aging; brain age; dietary intervention; glycemic control; green-Mediterranean; hippocampal occupancy score; polyphenols
Abstract Background
We recently reported that Mediterranean (MED) and green-MED diets significantly attenuated age-related brain atrophy by ∼50% within 18 mo.
Objective
The objective of this study was to explore the contribution of specific diet-induced parameters to brain-volume deviation from chronologic age.
Methods
A post hoc analysis of the 18-mo DIRECT-PLUS trial, where participants were randomly assigned to the following groups: 1) healthy dietary guidelines, 2) MED diet, or 3) green-MED diet, high in polyphenols, and low in red meat. Both MED groups consumed 28 g walnuts/d (+440 mg/d polyphenols). The green-MED group further consumed green tea (3–4 cups/d) and Mankai green shake (Wolffia globosa aquatic plant) (+800 mg/d polyphenols). We collected blood samples through the intervention and followed brain structure volumes by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We used hippocampal occupancy (HOC) score (hippocampal and inferior lateral-ventricle volumes ratio) as a neurodegeneration marker and brain-age proxy. We applied multivariate linear regression models.
Results
Of 284 participants [88% male; age = 51.1 y; body mass index = 31.2 kg/m2; hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) = 5.48%; APOE-ε4 genotype = 15.7%], 224 completed the trial with eligible whole-brain MRIs. Individuals with higher HOC deviations (i.e., younger brain age) presented lower body weight [r = –0.204; 95% confidence interval (CI): –0.298, –0.101], waist circumference (r = –0.207; 95% CI: –0.310, –0.103), diastolic (r = –0.186; 95% CI: –0.304, –0.072), systolic blood pressure (r = –0.189; 95% CI: –0.308, –0.061), insulin (r = –0.099; 95% CI: –0.194, –0.004), and HbA1c (r = –0.164; 95% CI: –0.337, –0.006) concentrations. After 18 mo, greater changes in HOC deviations (i.e., brain-age decline attenuation) were independently associated with improved HbA1c (β = –0.254; 95% CI: –0.392, –0.117), HOMA-IR (β = –0.200; 95% CI: –0.346, –0.055), fasting glucose (β = –0.155; 95% CI: –0.293, –0.016), and s-reactive protein (β = –0.153; 95% CI: –0.296, –0.010). Improvement in diabetes status was associated with greater HOC deviation changes than either no change in diabetes status (0.010; 95% CI: 0.002, 0.019) or with an unfavorable change (0.012; 95% CI: 0.002, 0.023). A decline in HbA1c is further associated with greater deviation changes in the thalamus, caudate nucleus, and cerebellum (P < 0.05). Greater consumption of Mankai and green tea (green-MED diet components) were associated with greater HOC deviation changes beyond weight loss.
Conclusions
Glycemic control contributes to the neuroprotective effects of the MED and green-MED diets on brain age. Polyphenols-rich diet components as Mankai and green tea may contribute to a more youthful brain age.
dauerhafte UFZ-Verlinkung https://www.ufz.de/index.php?en=20939&ufzPublicationIdentifier=29735
Pachter, D., Kaplan, A., Tsaban, G., Zelicha, H., Meir, A.Y., Rinott, E., Levakov, G., Salti, M., Yovell, Y., Huhn, S., Beyer, F., Witte, V., Kovacs, P., von Bergen, M., Ceglarek, U., Blüher, M., Stumvoll, M., Hu, F.B., Stampfer, M.J., Friedman, A., Shelef, I., Avidan, G., Shai, I. (2024):
Glycemic control contributes to the neuroprotective effects of Mediterranean and green Mediterranean diets on brain age: the DIRECT-PLUS brain-magnetic resonance imaging randomized controlled trial
Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 120 (5), 1029 - 1036 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.09.013