Publication Details

Category Text Publication
Reference Category Journals
DOI 10.1897/02-450
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Title (Primary) Identification of toxic products of anthracene photomodification in simulated sunlight
Author Brack, W.; Altenburger, R.; Küster, E. ORCID logo ; Meissner, B.; Wenzel, K.-D.; Schüürmann, G.
Source Titel Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
Year 2003
Department OEC; BIOTOX; WANA; COE
Volume 22
Issue 10
Page From 2228
Page To 2237
Language englisch
Keywords Effect-directed analysis; Photomodification; Anthracene; Anthracene-1,4-dione
Abstract Currently, the evidence of a rapid photomodification of anthracene under sunlight resulting in enhanced toxicity exists; however, the chemical causes of toxicity are still unknown. The present study aimed at filling this gap by irradiation of an anthracene suspension with simulated sunlight and subsequent effect-directed fractionation and analysis of toxic products with respect to the inhibition of bacterial energy metabolism of Vibrio fischeri, reproduction of the green algae Scenedesmus vacuolatus, and genotoxicity in the umuC test. Algal toxicity of anthracene was hardly modified by irradiation prior to testing and distributed over all fractions with emphasis on the fractions containing anthracene-9,10-dione and a photometabolite suggested to be 10-hydroxyanthrone. Bacterial toxicity and genotoxicity in contrast emerged only when anthracene was irradiated. Anthracene-1,4-dione, a sofar-unknown trace photometabolite, was identified as a very potent toxicant dominating the toxicity of photomodified anthracene to V. fischeri. In genotoxic fractions, 1-hydroxyanthracene-9,10-dione and 1,4-dihydroxyanthracene-9,10-dione were identified and confirmed as genotoxicants. The results stress the potential of effect-directed analysis approaches in contrast to mere chemical analysis in studies aiming at toxicologically relevant photomodified substances.
Persistent UFZ Identifier https://www.ufz.de/index.php?en=20939&ufzPublicationIdentifier=4739
Brack, W., Altenburger, R., Küster, E., Meissner, B., Wenzel, K.-D., Schüürmann, G. (2003):
Identification of toxic products of anthracene photomodification in simulated sunlight
Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 22 (10), 2228 - 2237 10.1897/02-450