Publication Details

Category Text Publication
Reference Category Journals
DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141870
Document accepted manuscript
Title (Primary) Fate of pendimethalin in soil and characterization of non-extractable residues (NER)
Author Luks, A.-K.; Zegarski, T.; Nowak, K.M.; Miltner, A. ORCID logo ; Kästner, M.; Matthies, M.; Schmidt, B.; Schäffer, A.
Source Titel Science of the Total Environment
Year 2020
Department UBT
Volume 753
Page From art. 141870
Language englisch
Keywords 14C-labelled; Environmental fate of pesticides; Organic amendments; Covalently bound residues; Entrapped residues
Abstract

One important route of degradation of herbicide pendimethalin in soil leads to formation of non-extractable residues (NER). To investigate NER nature (irreversibly, chemically bound, including possible biogenic NER, or strongly sorbed and entrapped) residues of 14C-labelled pendimethalin in soil were investigated after conventional extraction with organic solvents by silylation. After 400 days of incubation, 32.0% of applied radioactivity (AR) was transformed into NER, 39.9% AR remained extractable. Mineralization reached 26.2% AR. Additionally, 14C-pendimethalin was incubated in soil amended with compost for 217 days to investigate the influence of organic amendments on NER formation. NER amounted to 37.8% AR, with 57.9% AR remaining extractable. Mineralization was negligible (1.4% AR). For all sampling times only low amounts of radioactivity were entrapped (<5% AR) in soil without compost amendment. Pendimethalin was present only in trace amounts (ca. 0.4% AR), other released residues consisted of undefined fractions (sum ≈2% AR). In soil amended with compost, silylation overall resulted in release of higher amounts of radioactivity (19% AR). Addition of compost led to an increase in potential entrapment and sorption sites for pendimethalin, forming higher amounts of strongly sorbed, entrapped residues. Furthermore, potential release of non-extractable pendimethalin residues was investigated by incubation of solvent-extracted soil (without compost amendment) mixed with fresh soil for additional 3 months. NER were partly mineralized (7% AR) and 20% became extractable with organic solvents. However, no pendimethalin or any known metabolites were found.

It can be concluded that no parent pendimethalin was found and NER of pendimethalin in soil are mainly formed by covalent binding to organic matrix with only low potential of remobilization under natural conditions.

Persistent UFZ Identifier https://www.ufz.de/index.php?en=20939&ufzPublicationIdentifier=23543
Luks, A.-K., Zegarski, T., Nowak, K.M., Miltner, A., Kästner, M., Matthies, M., Schmidt, B., Schäffer, A. (2020):
Fate of pendimethalin in soil and characterization of non-extractable residues (NER)
Sci. Total Environ. 753 , art. 141870 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141870