Details zur Publikation

Kategorie Textpublikation
Referenztyp Zeitschriften
DOI 10.1007/s11368-015-1179-2
Volltext Shareable Link
Titel (primär) Sediment fingerprinting in northern Jordan: element-specific correction factors in a carbonatic setting
Autor Kraushaar, S.; Schumann, T.; Ollesch, G.; Schubert, M.; Vogel, H.-J.; Siebert, C. ORCID logo
Quelle Journal of Soils and Sediments
Erscheinungsjahr 2015
Department GWS; BOPHY; CATHYD
Band/Volume 15
Heft 19
Seite von 2155
Seite bis 2173
Sprache englisch
Supplements https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11368-015-1179-2/MediaObjects/11368_2015_1179_MOESM1_ESM.xlsx
https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11368-015-1179-2/MediaObjects/11368_2015_1179_MOESM2_ESM.xlsx
Keywords Correction factors – Grain size selectivity – Jordan – Soil erosion – Stepwise multiple regression
UFZ Querschnittsthemen RU1
Abstract

Purpose

Water reservoirs around the world suffer from accelerated sediment loads and, consequently, contamination. Notably, in water-scarce regions such as Jordan, this poses a threat to an important water source, and identifying the sediment sources is an important task. Thus, a sediment fingerprinting study in the Wadi Al-Arab catchment of northern Jordan was implemented with special attention directed to the development of suitable correction factors necessary to improve the comparability of source and sink sediments. The selection of seven conservative elements for the sediment fingerprinting was made, with specific attention directed to the chemical environment of the reservoir.

Materials and methods

Thirty-six samples from six different surface and subsurface sources and 38 sink samples from the Wadi Al-Arab reservoir were collected. In total, 27 organic and inorganic elements as well as radionuclides were analysed. Two vertical physicochemical water profiles provided information on the pH and Eh conditions and common element concentrations. The stepwise multiple regression analysis model (SMRAM) was developed to explore parameters that influence the element concentrations and their interrelations, and to calculate an element-specific correction factor. The standard selection procedure was expanded by the comparison of water and sink sediment element concentrations, a literature review concerning the pH and Eh conditions and, in selected cases, a correlation analysis.

Results and discussion

The combination of Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, 232Th, 228Th and 137Cs provided the best source discrimination, and based on Monte Carlo simulations, the mixing model revealed the existence of three major sediment source areas. These are as follows: (i) olive orchards on slopes, which delivered 59 ± 8 % of the sediments in the sink; (ii) cultivated fields on plateau and saddle positions contributed 11 ± 9 %; and (iii) slopes with natural vegetation used for grazing contributed 29 ± 15 % of the deposited sediment. With a mean residual error of 1.04 %, the sum of the source concentrations differs only slightly from sink concentrations and proves that the model is reliable.

Conclusions

The SMRAM model revealed that the different inorganic (total inorganic carbon, TIC) and organic (total organic carbon, TOC) carbon contents and the clay/sand content influence the element concentrations of the sediment samples. Due to the carbonatic environment, it was mainly necessary to correct for TIC. Applying an expanded literature review regarding the chemical environment under investigation, in addition to the standard mass conservation and Kruskal-Wallis test, prevented possible non-conservative elements from entering the discriminant analysis.

dauerhafte UFZ-Verlinkung https://www.ufz.de/index.php?en=20939&ufzPublicationIdentifier=16588
Kraushaar, S., Schumann, T., Ollesch, G., Schubert, M., Vogel, H.-J., Siebert, C. (2015):
Sediment fingerprinting in northern Jordan: element-specific correction factors in a carbonatic setting
J. Soils Sediments 15 (19), 2155 - 2173 10.1007/s11368-015-1179-2