species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
Cytisus nigricans L. |
Fabaceae » |
Schwarzwerdender Ginster
|
reference |
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
|
|
Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
Cytisus nigricans L. |
accepted |
Lembotropis nigricans (L.) Griseb. |
Synonym |
|
Chromosome number » |
Basic chromosome number |
12 |
Chromosome number 2n |
46 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
False |
Most common chromosome race |
False |
Ploidy level |
4 (tetraploid) |
Ploidy type |
R (palaeopolyploid; polyploid basic number) |
Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
Basic chromosome number |
12 |
Chromosome number 2n |
48 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
False |
Most common chromosome race |
False |
Ploidy level |
4 (tetraploid) |
Ploidy type |
R (palaeopolyploid; polyploid basic number) |
Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
|
DNA content » |
DNA content (pg/2C) |
1.1 |
Chromosome number |
46 |
Quality |
chromosome number missing in original source; the most common number was added [f] |
Authorised in BENNET & LEITCH 2001 |
True |
Reference |
Bennett, M.D., Smith, J.S. 1991: Nuclear DNA amounts in angiosperms. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London B 334:309-345 |
|
Flowering phenology » |
Begin of flowering (months) |
6 |
End of flowering (months) |
8 |
Duration of flowering (months) |
3 |
Number of flowering phases |
0 |
Symphenological Groups » |
Phenological group |
8 (Clematis vitalba-Galium sylvaticum-Phase) Phenological season: midsummer |
Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
Type of reproduction » |
Type of reproduction |
s (by seed/by spore) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Type of seed production » |
Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Dicliny » |
Dicliny |
so (hermaphroditic) |
Abundance |
always [1] |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Dichogamy » |
Dichogamy |
h (homogamous) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Pollen vector » |
Pollen vector |
in (insects) Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung) |
Abundance |
the rule [2] |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
Floral rewards » |
Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Amount of floral reward |
3 (present) |
Flower color » |
Flower colour |
yellow |
Basic flower colour |
g (yellow) |
Reference |
Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
Flower class after MUELLER » |
Flower class after MUELLER |
H (hymenoptere flowers) Typical pollinators: hymenopteres |
Flower type after KUGLER » |
Flower type after KUGLER |
6.1a (flag blossom, Fabaceae type, valvular mechanism) |
|
Fruit type » |
Fruit type |
Hü (legume) |
Diaspore type » |
Diaspore type |
S (seed) |
Germinule type » |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Germinule type |
S (seed) |
Information available |
True |
Development of nutritious appendages |
|
Development of flat appendages |
|
Development of elongated appendages |
|
Development of additional appendages |
|
Weights » |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
5.1 |
Weight (mean) [mg] |
5.8 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
6.4 |
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
5.1 |
Weight (mean) [mg] |
5.8 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
6.4 |
Sizes » |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
2.0 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
2.4 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
2.8 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.3 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
1.6 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
2.5 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.8 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
1.0 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.2 |
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
2.0 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
2.4 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
2.8 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.3 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
1.6 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
2.5 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.8 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
1.0 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.2 |
special references:
|
Grime, J.P., Mason, G., Curtis, A.V., Rodman, J., Band, S.R., Mowforth, M.A., Neal, A.M., Shaw, S. 1981: A comparative study of germination characteristics in a local flora. Journal of Ecology 69:1017-1069 (Gattung)
|
Thompson, K., Band, S.R., Hodgson, J.G. 1993: Seed size and shape predict persistence in soil. Functional Ecology 7:236-241 (Gattung)
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Anderberg, A.L. 1994: Atlas of seeds and small fruits of Northwest-European plant species with morphological descriptions. - Part 4 (Resedaceae - Umbelliferae). Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm (Gattung)
|
Beijerink, W. 1947: Zadenatlas der Nederlandsche Flora. Biol. Stat. Wijster, Wageningen (Gattung)
|
Bresinsky, A. 1963: Bau, Entwicklungsgeschichte und Inhaltsstoffe der Elaiosomen. Studien zur myrmekochoren Verbreitung von Samen und Früchten. Bibliotheca Botanica Vol. 126. (Gattung)
|
Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
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Gonzalez-Andres, F., Ortiz, J.M. 1995: Seed morphology of Cytisophyllum, Cytisus, Chamaecytisus and Genista (Fabaceae: Genisteae) species for characterization. Seed Science and Technology 23:289-300 (Gattung)
|
Lhotska, M., Chrtkova, A. 1978: Karpologie a diasporologie ceskoslovensk'ych zastupc u celedi Fabaceae. Academia, Praha (Gattung)
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|
Habitat » |
Habitat |
T1.1.2.4.2 (null) Alliance: Potentillo albae-Quercion petraeae
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T1.1.2.5 (null) Alliance: Quercion robori-petraeae
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
subkontinental |
Habitat |
T1.4.1.3 (null) Alliance: Erico-Pinion
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
|
Class » |
English circumscription |
07.1 (Thermophilous and mesophilous forest grassland ecotones) Class: Trifolio-Geranietea sanguinei
|
English circumscription |
08.4 (Heather and gorse heathlands) Class: Calluno-Ulicetea
|
English circumscription |
10.3 (Birch-oak forests) Class: Quercetea robori-petraeae
|
English circumscription |
10.4 (Thermophilous dry oak forests) Class: Quercetea pubescentis-petraeae
|
English circumscription |
10.7 (Snow-heather pine-forests) Class: Erico-Pinetea
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