species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma (Willd.) DC. |
Asteraceae » |
Schwielen-Löwenzähne
|
reference |
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
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Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma (H. Lindb.) Dahlst. |
accepted |
Taraxacum laevigatum agg. |
Synonym |
Taraxacum subsect. Erythrosperma , sensu R. Doll |
Synonym |
Taraxacum laevigatum (Willd.) DC., 'Hauptart' |
Synonym |
Taraxacum laevigatum 'Sammelart' , p. max. p., excl. T. obliquum s.str, T. platyglossum |
Synonym |
Taraxacum fulvum - group |
Synonym |
Taraxacum simile - group |
Synonym |
Taraxacum erythrospermum - group |
Synonym |
Taraxacum levigatum agg. , incl. T. erythrospermum agg. |
Synonym |
Taraxacum levigatum subsp. levigatum |
Synonym |
Taraxacum erythrospermum , auct. germ. |
Synonym |
Taraxacum erythrospermum - Gruppe |
Synonym |
Taraxacum fulvum - Gruppe |
Synonym |
Taraxacum simile - Gruppe |
Synonym |
>Taraxacum franconicum Sahlin |
accepted |
>Taraxacum discretum H. Ollg. |
accepted |
>Taraxacum laetiforme , auct. Soest, non Dahlst. |
Synonym |
>Taraxacum linguatifrons Markl. |
accepted |
>Taraxacum grootii Soest |
accepted |
>Taraxacum silesiacum Dahlst. ex G. E. Haglund |
accepted |
>Taraxacum silesiacum Dahlst., nom. inval. (nim. nud.) |
Synonym |
>Taraxacum taeniatum G. E. Haglund |
accepted |
>Taraxacum tanyolobum Dahlst. |
accepted |
>Taraxacum tenuilobum (Dahlst.) Dahlst. |
accepted |
>Taraxacum erythrospermum subsp. tenuilobum Dahlst. |
Basionym |
>Taraxacum tortilobum Florstr. |
accepted |
>Taraxacum decipiens Raunk. |
accepted |
>Taraxacum disseminatum G. E. Haglund |
accepted |
>Taraxacum dissimile Dahlst. |
accepted |
>Taraxacum divulsum G. E. Haglund |
accepted |
>Taraxacum isophyllum G. E. Haglund |
accepted |
>Taraxacum lacistophyllum (Dahlst.) Raunk. |
accepted |
>Taraxacum erythrospermum subsp. lacistophyllum Dahlst. |
Basionym |
>Taraxacum laetum (Dahlst.) Raunk. |
accepted |
>Taraxacum erythrospermum subsp. laetum Dahlst. |
Basionym |
>Taraxacum magnolevigatum W. Koch ex Soest |
accepted |
>Taraxacum parvilobum Dahlst. |
accepted |
>Taraxacum proximum (Dahlst.) Raunk. |
accepted |
>Taraxacum erythrospermum subsp. proximum Dahlst. |
Basionym |
>Taraxacum attenuatum Brenner |
Synonym |
>Taraxacum praevnum Dahlst., nom. inval. (nom. nud.) |
Synonym |
>Taraxacum brachyglossum (Dahlst.) Raunk. |
accepted |
>Taraxacum erythrospermum subsp. brachyglossum Dahlst. |
Basionym |
>Taraxacum commixtum G. E. Haglund |
accepted |
>Taraxacum commutatum Dahlst., p. p., non Jord. 1852, nom. illeg. |
Synonym |
>Taraxacum rubicundum (Dahlst.) Dahlst. |
accepted |
>Taraxacum erythrospermum subsp. rubicundum Dahlst. |
Basionym |
>Taraxacum saphycraspedum G. E. Haglund ex Saarsoo |
accepted |
>Taraxacum scanicum Dahlst. |
accepted |
|
Chromosome number » |
Basic chromosome number |
8 |
Chromosome number 2n |
16 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
False |
Most common chromosome race |
False |
Ploidy level |
2 (diploid) |
Ploidy type |
D (diploid with haploid basic number) |
Reference |
Loos, G.H., Jung, K., Wörz, A. 1996: Taraxacum Wiggers 1780, nom. conserv.. In: Sebald, O., Seybold, S., Philippi, G., Wörz, A. (Hrsg.) Die Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Baden-Württembergs, Vol. 6, S. 350-369, Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart |
Basic chromosome number |
8 |
Chromosome number 2n |
32 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
False |
Most common chromosome race |
False |
Ploidy level |
4 (tetraploid) |
Ploidy type |
P (polyploid with haploid basic number) |
Reference |
Loos, G.H., Jung, K., Wörz, A. 1996: Taraxacum Wiggers 1780, nom. conserv.. In: Sebald, O., Seybold, S., Philippi, G., Wörz, A. (Hrsg.) Die Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Baden-Württembergs, Vol. 6, S. 350-369, Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart |
Basic chromosome number |
8 |
Chromosome number 2n |
24 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
False |
Most common chromosome race |
True |
Ploidy level |
3 (triploid) |
Ploidy type |
P (polyploid with haploid basic number) |
Reference |
Loos, G.H., Jung, K., Wörz, A. 1996: Taraxacum Wiggers 1780, nom. conserv.. In: Sebald, O., Seybold, S., Philippi, G., Wörz, A. (Hrsg.) Die Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Baden-Württembergs, Vol. 6, S. 350-369, Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart |
|
Flowering phenology » |
Begin of flowering (months) |
4 |
End of flowering (months) |
6 |
Duration of flowering (months) |
3 |
Number of flowering phases |
0 |
Symphenological Groups » |
Phenological group |
3 (Prunus avium-Ranunculus auricomus-Phase) Phenological season: end of early spring |
Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
Type of reproduction » |
Type of reproduction |
s (by seed/by spore) |
Reference |
Krumbiegel, A. 2002: Morphologie der vegetativen Organe (außer Blätter). In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.) BiolFlor - Biologisch-ökologische Daten zur Flora Deutschlands, S. 1-2, Bonn |
Type of seed production » |
Type of seed production |
f (facultativ apomictic) |
Reference |
Loos, G.H., Jung, K., Wörz, A. 1996: Taraxacum Wiggers 1780, nom. conserv.. In: Sebald, O., Seybold, S., Philippi, G., Wörz, A. (Hrsg.) Die Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Baden-Württembergs, Vol. 6, S. 350-369, Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart |
Type of apomixis » |
Type of apomixis |
a (autonomous) |
Reference |
Loos, G.H., Jung, K., Wörz, A. 1996: Taraxacum Wiggers 1780, nom. conserv.. In: Sebald, O., Seybold, S., Philippi, G., Wörz, A. (Hrsg.) Die Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Baden-Württembergs, Vol. 6, S. 350-369, Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart |
Dicliny » |
Dicliny |
so (hermaphroditic) |
Abundance |
always [1] |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Dichogamy » |
Dichogamy |
a2 (protandrous) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility » |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
SI (self-incompatibel) |
Reference |
Loos, G.H., Jung, K., Wörz, A. 1996: Taraxacum Wiggers 1780, nom. conserv.. In: Sebald, O., Seybold, S., Philippi, G., Wörz, A. (Hrsg.) Die Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Baden-Württembergs, Vol. 6, S. 350-369, Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
SI mechanism » |
SI mechanism |
SSI (sporophytic self-incompatibility) |
Reference |
de Nettancourt, D. 1977: Incompatibility in angiosperms. Springer, Berlin |
Pollen vector » |
Pollen vector |
in (insects) Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung) |
Abundance |
the rule [2] |
Reference |
Loos, G.H., Jung, K., Wörz, A. 1996: Taraxacum Wiggers 1780, nom. conserv.. In: Sebald, O., Seybold, S., Philippi, G., Wörz, A. (Hrsg.) Die Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Baden-Württembergs, Vol. 6, S. 350-369, Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
Breeding system » |
Breeding system |
X (allogamous) |
Reference |
Anmerkung 2002: xenogam, da SI |
Floral rewards » |
Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Amount of floral reward |
3 (present) |
Flower color » |
Flower colour |
pale yellow |
Basic flower colour |
g (yellow) |
Reference |
Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
UV reflection of the flower » |
UV reflection in the periphery of the flower |
4 (28-39 %) |
UV reflection in the centre of the flower |
1 (0-7 %) |
UV reflection pattern |
1 (UV reflectance pattern present) |
Flower class after MUELLER » |
Flower class after MUELLER |
B` (flower associations with totally hidden nectar) Typical pollinators: bees, bumble bees, wasps, bombylides, syrphids |
Flower type after KUGLER » |
Flower type after KUGLER |
7.2b (flower heads, Asteraceae, only ray flowers) |
|
Fruit type » |
Fruit type |
Nu (nut) |
Diaspore type » |
Diaspore type |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
Germinule type » |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Germinule type |
F (fruit) |
Information available |
True |
Development of nutritious appendages |
|
Development of flat appendages |
|
Development of elongated appendages |
always [1] |
Development of additional appendages |
|
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Germinule type |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
Information available |
True |
Development of nutritious appendages |
|
Development of flat appendages |
|
Development of elongated appendages |
always [1] |
Development of additional appendages |
|
Weights » |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
0.3 |
Weight (mean) [mg] |
0.3 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
0.3 |
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
0.3 |
Weight (mean) [mg] |
0.3 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
0.3 |
Sizes » |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
F (fruit) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
11.5 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
11.9 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
12.0 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
0.8 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
0.9 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
1.0 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.4 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
0.4 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
0.6 |
special references:
|
Grime, J.P., Hodgson, J.G., Hunt, R. 1988: Comparative Plant Ecology. Unwin Hyman, London (Gattung)
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Böttner, I., Frey, W., Hensen, I. 1997: Carex humilis-Gesellschaft im unteren Unstruttal (mitteldeutsches Trockengebiet) - Lebensstrategien einer xerothermen Vegetationseinheit. Feddes Repertorium 108:7; 583-8; 602 (Gattung)
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Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
|
Cremer, J., Partzsch, M., Zimmermann, M., Schwär, C., Goltz, H. 1991: Acker- und Gartenwildkräuter: ein Bestimmungsbuch. . Deutscher Landwirtschaftsverlag, Berlin. (Gattung)
|
Hanf, M. 1984: Ackerunkräuter Europas mit ihren Keimlingen und Samen. . BLV Verlagsgesellschaft, München, Wien, Zürich. (Gattung)
|
Luftensteiner, H.W. 1982: Untersuchungen zur Verbreitungssbiologie von Pflanzengemeinschaften an vier Standorten in Niederösterreich. Bibliotheca Botanica 135:1-68 (Gattung)
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McDonald, A.W., Bakker, J.P., Vegelin, K. 1996: Seed bank classification and ist importance for the restoration of species-rich flood-meadows. Journal of Vegetation Science 7:157-164 (Gattung)
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Hensen, I., Kentrup, M. 1998: Teucrio botryos-Melicetum ciliatae (Traubegamander-Wimpergrasflur) - Lebensstrategien in einer xerothemen Fels-Pioniergesellschaft. Tuexenia 18:217-236 (Gattung)
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Habitat » |
Habitat |
H1.2.2.5.1 (null) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
H1.2.2.7.1 (null) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T10.3.1 (null) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T10.3.3.1 (null) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T10.4.5 (null) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T6.1.2 (null) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T6.2.2.2 (null) Alliance: Brometalia erecti
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T6.2.2.4 (null) Alliance: Koelerio-Corynephoretea p.p.
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T7.1.1 (null) Alliance: Festuco commutatae-Cynosuretum u.a.
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T7.4.2 (null) Alliance: Polygono-Poetea annuae
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T8.2.2.1 (null) Alliance: Berteroetum incanae
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T9.1.2.1.3 (null) Alliance: u. a. Geranion-Allietum vinealis
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T9.1.9.3 (null) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T9.5.1 (null) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
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Class » |
English circumscription |
05.2 (Pioneer communities of hair-grasses) Class: Koelerio-Corynephoretea
|
English circumscription |
05.3 (Fescue-brome communities of dry and semi-dry grasslands) Class: Festuco-Brometea
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English circumscription |
06.4 (Annual ruderal communities) Class: Sisymbrietea officinalis
|
English circumscription |
06.5 (Eusiberian ruderal mugwort and thistles communities, and couch-grasslands) Class: Artemisietea vulgaris
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