species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
Stachys palustris L. |
Lamiaceae » |
Sumpf-Ziest
|
reference |
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
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Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
Stachys palustris L. |
accepted |
Stachys palustris var. palustris |
Synonym |
Stachys palustris var. segetum (Hagen) Schweigg. |
Synonym |
|
Chromosome number » |
Basic chromosome number |
16 |
Chromosome number 2n |
64 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
Most common chromosome race |
False |
Ploidy level |
|
Ploidy type |
R (palaeopolyploid; polyploid basic number) |
Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
Basic chromosome number |
17 |
Chromosome number 2n |
102 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
Most common chromosome race |
False |
Ploidy level |
6 (hexaploid) |
Ploidy type |
R (palaeopolyploid; polyploid basic number) |
Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
|
Life form » |
Life form |
G (Geophyte) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Life span » |
Life span |
p (pluriennial-pollakanthic) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Vegetative propagation » |
Vegetative propagation |
a (Runner) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Vegetative propagation |
ak (Runner with tuberous tip) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Storage organs » |
Storage organs |
a (Runner) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Storage organs |
ak (Runner with tuberous tip) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Shoot metamorphoses » |
Shoot metamorphoses |
a (Runner) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Shoot metamorphoses |
ak (Runner with tuberous tip) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Rosettes » |
Rosettes |
r (Erosulate plant) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
special references:
|
Warming, E. 1918: Om Jordudløbere. K. Dansk. Selsk. Vidensk. Skr. , Naturvid. og Mathem. Afd. 8. R. II:295-378
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Vöchting, H. 1889: Über eine abnorme Rhizombildung. Bot. Ztg. 47:501-507
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Eber, W. 1996: Modularer Bau und klonales Wachstum bei krautigen Pflanzen. Verhandlungen der Gesellschaft für Ökologie 25:225-233
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Ebel, F., Mühlberg, H. 1987: Vergleichend-ökomorphologische Untersuchungen an Pflanzen-Taxa eines Trocken- und Feuchtbiotops. Hercynia N. F. 24:408-424
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Schmucker, T. 1923: Zur Morphologie und Biologie geophiler Pflanzen. Bot. Arch. 4:201-248
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Irmisch, T. 1856: Beiträge zur vergleichenden Morphologie der Pflanzen. V. Die Keimung, die Wachstums- und Erneuerungsweise einer Reihe einheimsicher Arten aus der natürlichen Pflanzenfamilie der Labiaten. Abh. Naturforsch. Ges. Halle 3:63-107
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Kästner, A., Karrer, G. 1995: Übersicht der Wuchsformentypen als Grundlage für deren Erfassung in der "Flora von Österreich". Florae Austriacae Novit. 3:1-51
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Håkansson, S. 1982: Multiplication, growth and persistence of perennial weeds. In: Holzner, W., Numata, N. (Hrsg.) Biology and ecology of weeds, S. 123-135, Junk Publ., The Hague
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Glück, H. 1911: Biologische und morphologische Untersuchungen über Wasser- und Sumpfgewächse. 3. Aufl., Jena
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Raunkiaer, C. 1934: The life forms of plants and statistical plant geography. Oxford
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|
Flowering phenology » |
Begin of flowering (months) |
6 |
End of flowering (months) |
9 |
Duration of flowering (months) |
4 |
Number of flowering phases |
0 |
Symphenological Groups » |
Phenological group |
8 (Clematis vitalba-Galium sylvaticum-Phase) Phenological season: midsummer |
Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
Type of reproduction » |
Type of reproduction |
sv (by seed and vegetatively) |
Reference |
Krumbiegel, A. 2002: Morphologie der vegetativen Organe (außer Blätter). In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.) BiolFlor - Biologisch-ökologische Daten zur Flora Deutschlands, S. 1-2, Bonn |
Type of seed production » |
Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Dicliny » |
Dicliny |
so (hermaphroditic) |
Abundance |
the rule [2] |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Dichogamy » |
Dichogamy |
a2 (protandrous) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility » |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
SC (self-compatibel) |
Reference |
Owens, S.J., Ubera-Jimenez, J.L. 1992: Breeding systems in Labiatae. In: Harley, R.M., Reynolds, T. (Hrsg.) Advances in Labiatae Science, S. 257-280, Kew, London |
Systematic reference |
family [F] |
Pollen vector » |
Pollen vector |
se (selfing) Pollen vector group: se (Selbstbestäubung) |
Abundance |
at failure of outcrossing [7] |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
Pollen vector |
in (insects) Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung) |
Abundance |
the rule [2] |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
Breeding system » |
Breeding system |
AFXF (mixed mating) |
Reference |
Anmerkung 2002: vgl. Klassifizierungsschema Abb. |
P/O ratio » |
P/O ratio |
6182.0 |
Reference |
Cruden, R.W. 1977: Pollen-ovule ratios: a conservative indicator of breeding systems in flowering plants. Evolution 31:32-46 |
Floral rewards » |
Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Amount of floral reward |
3 (present) |
Flower color » |
Flower colour |
purple |
Basic flower colour |
pu (purple) |
Reference |
Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
UV reflection of the flower » |
UV reflection in the periphery of the flower |
2 (8-15 %) |
UV reflection in the centre of the flower |
2 (8-15 %) |
UV reflection pattern |
0 (no UV reflectance patterns) |
Flower class after MUELLER » |
Flower class after MUELLER |
H (hymenoptere flowers) Typical pollinators: hymenopteres |
Flower type after KUGLER » |
Flower type after KUGLER |
5.1 (true lip flowers) |
|
Fruit type » |
Fruit type |
BrF (lomentum) |
Diaspore type » |
Diaspore type |
TF (mericarp) |
Germinule type » |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Germinule type |
TF (mericarp) |
Information available |
True |
Development of nutritious appendages |
|
Development of flat appendages |
|
Development of elongated appendages |
|
Development of additional appendages |
|
Weights » |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
TF (mericarp) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
1.1 |
Weight (mean) [mg] |
1.3 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
1.4 |
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
TF (mericarp) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
1.1 |
Weight (mean) [mg] |
1.3 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
1.4 |
Sizes » |
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
TF (mericarp) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
1.8 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
2.2 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
2.6 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.4 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
1.6 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
1.9 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
|
Height (mean) [mm] |
|
Height (maximum) [mm] |
|
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
TF (mericarp) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
1.8 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
2.2 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
2.6 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.4 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
1.6 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
1.9 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
|
Height (mean) [mm] |
|
Height (maximum) [mm] |
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special references:
|
Grime, J.P., Mason, G., Curtis, A.V., Rodman, J., Band, S.R., Mowforth, M.A., Neal, A.M., Shaw, S. 1981: A comparative study of germination characteristics in a local flora. Journal of Ecology 69:1017-1069 (Gattung)
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Thompson, K., Band, S.R., Hodgson, J.G. 1993: Seed size and shape predict persistence in soil. Functional Ecology 7:236-241 (Gattung)
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Grime, J.P., Hodgson, J.G., Hunt, R. 1988: Comparative Plant Ecology. Unwin Hyman, London (Gattung)
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Briemle, G. 1996: Farbatlas Kräuter und Gräser. Ulmer, Stuttgart (Gattung)
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Dunn, A.J. 1997: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Stachys germanica L.. Journal of Ecology 85:531-539 (Gattung)
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Beijerink, W. 1947: Zadenatlas der Nederlandsche Flora. Biol. Stat. Wijster, Wageningen (Gattung)
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Böttner, I., Frey, W., Hensen, I. 1997: Carex humilis-Gesellschaft im unteren Unstruttal (mitteldeutsches Trockengebiet) - Lebensstrategien einer xerothermen Vegetationseinheit. Feddes Repertorium 108:7; 583-8; 602 (Gattung)
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Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
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Cremer, J., Partzsch, M., Zimmermann, M., Schwär, C., Goltz, H. 1991: Acker- und Gartenwildkräuter: ein Bestimmungsbuch. . Deutscher Landwirtschaftsverlag, Berlin. (Gattung)
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Hanf, M. 1984: Ackerunkräuter Europas mit ihren Keimlingen und Samen. . BLV Verlagsgesellschaft, München, Wien, Zürich. (Gattung)
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Luftensteiner, H.W. 1982: Untersuchungen zur Verbreitungssbiologie von Pflanzengemeinschaften an vier Standorten in Niederösterreich. Bibliotheca Botanica 135:1-68 (Gattung)
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Stockey, A., Hunt, R. 1994: Predicting secondary succession in wetland mesocosms on the basis of autecological information on seeds and seedlings. Journal of Applied Ecology 31:543-559 (Gattung)
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Grassland utilization indicator values » |
Occurrence |
GE (little used grasslands) |
Guild |
K (forb) |
Mowing tolerance |
4 (between 3 and 5 (sensitive to moderately tolerant to mowing)) |
Grazing tolerance |
2 (between 1 and 3 (intolerant to sensitive to grazing)) |
Trampling tolerance |
2 (between 1 and 3 (intolerant to sensitive to trampling)) |
Foraging value |
3 (little forage value) |
Foraging value for deer |
|
|
Habitat » |
Habitat |
L4.1 (null) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
Ufer |
Habitat |
L4.2 (null) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
Ufer |
Habitat |
L4.3 (null) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
Ufer |
Habitat |
L4.4 (null) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
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Habitat |
L5.2.5.4 (null) Alliance: Filipendulion
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T7.3.2 (null) Alliance: Molinion coeruleae p.p.
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T9.1.1.3 (null) Alliance: Polygono-Chenopodion polyspermi
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
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Class » |
English circumscription |
05.4 (Commercially used grasslands) Class: Molinio-Arrhenatheretea
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English circumscription |
06.4 (Annual ruderal communities) Class: Sisymbrietea officinalis
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English circumscription |
06.6 (Chickweed and other field weed communities) Class: Stellarietea mediae
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English circumscription |
07.5 (Nitrophilous tall herb communities) Class: Galio-Urticetea dioicae
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