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Overview of all traits of a species

species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status)
BiolFlor-Name family german name(s)
Armeria maritima (Mill.) Willd. s. l. Plumbaginaceae » Gewöhnliche Grasnelke
reference
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
 
Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998)
Armeria maritima (Mill.) Willd. accepted
Armeria alpina agg. Synonym
Armeria maritima agg. Synonym
Armeria maritima - Gruppe Synonym
Armeria vulgaris Willd. Synonym
Statice maritima Mill. Synonym
Statice armeria L. Synonym
Statice vulgaris Hill, nom. inval. Synonym
Armeria pubescens Link Synonym
>Armeria maritima subsp. elongata (Hoffm.) Bonnier accepted
>Armeria elongata (Hoffm.) W. D. J. Koch Synonym
>Armeria elongata subsp. elongata Synonym
>Armeria maritima var. elongata (Hoffm.) Crép., nom. illeg. Synonym
>Statice elongata Hoffm. Basionym
>Armeria maritima subsp. halleri (Wallr.) Rothm., s. l. accepted
>Armeria elongata subsp. serpentini (Gauckler) Holub Synonym
>Armeria halleri Wallr. Basionym
>Armeria maritima subsp. intermedia (Marsson) Nordhal Synonym
>Armeria maritima subsp. eifeliaca (F. Petri) Lefèbvre, nom. inval. (sine basion.) Synonym
>Armeria vulgaris f. calaminaria F. Petri Synonym
>Armeria vulgaris f. eifeliaca F. Petri Synonym
>Armeria maritima subsp. halleri (Wallr.) Rothm., s. str. Synonym
>Armeria maritima subsp. calaminaria (F. Petri) W. Ernst, nom. inval. (sine basion.) Synonym
>Armeria elongata var. serpentini Gauckler Synonym
>Armeria maritima subsp. bottendorfensis (A. Schulz) Rothm. Synonym
>Armeria maritima subsp. hornburgensis (A. Schulz) Rothm. Synonym
>Armeria maritima subsp. serpentini (Gauckler) Rothm. Synonym
>Armeria rhenana Gremli Synonym
>Armeria bottendorfensis Schulz A. Schulz Synonym
>Armeria hornburgensis (A. Schulz) ? Synonym
>Armeria serpentini (Gauckler) ? Synonym
>Armeria intermedia Link ex Boissier Synonym
>Armeria campestris var. hornburgensis A. Schulz Synonym
>Armeria vulgaris subsp. serpentini (Gauckler) Holub Synonym
>Armeria maritima subsp. maritima accepted
>Armeria maritima (Mill.) Willd., s. str. Synonym
>Armeria maritima subsp. purpurea (Koch) Å. Löve & D. Löve accepted
>Armeria purpurea Koch Basionym
>Armeria alpina var. purpurea (Koch) Baumann Synonym
>Armeria alpina subsp. purpurea (Koch) O. Schwarz Synonym
 
group of traits: Status »
Floristic status »
Floristic status I (indigenous)
Evolutionary origin »
Evolutionary origin n (naturally)
Region of origin »
Region of origin 0 (not specified)
Endemism »
Endemism 0 (not specified)
Reference unbekannt
 
group of traits: Chromosome number »
Chromosome number »
Basic chromosome number 9
Chromosome number 2n 18
Chromosome number (Germany) True
Most common chromosome race False
Ploidy level 2 (diploid)
Ploidy type D (diploid with haploid basic number)
Reference Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart
 
group of traits: DNA content »
DNA content »
DNA content (pg/2C) 8.6
Chromosome number 18
Quality chromosome number missing in original source; the most common number was added [f]
Authorised in BENNET & LEITCH 2001 True
Reference Bennett, M.D., Leitch, I.J. 1997: Nuclear DNA amounts in angiosperms - 583 new estimates. Annals of Botany 80:169-196
 
group of traits: Phylogeny »
Phylogeny code »
Phylogeny code BBBBBBBBBBBBAAAB
 
group of traits: Morphology »
Life form »
Life form C (Chamaephyte)
Qualifier always [1]
Life form H (Hemicryptophyte)
Qualifier always [1]
Life span »
Life span p (pluriennial-pollakanthic)
Qualifier always [1]
Storage organs »
Storage organs p (Pleiocorm)
Qualifier always [1]
Shoot metamorphoses »
Shoot metamorphoses p (Pleiocorm)
Qualifier always [1]
Rosettes »
Rosettes g (Rosette plant)
Qualifier always [1]
special references:
Woodell, S.R.J., Dale, A. 1993: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Ameria maritima (Mill.) Willd. (Statice ameria L.; Statice maritima Mill.). Journal of Ecology 81:573-588
Lidforss, B. 1907: Wintergrüne Flora. Lunds Univ. Arsskr. N. F. , Afd. 2, Bd. 2, Nr. 13:1-76
Philipp, M. 1974: Morphological and genetical studies in the Armeria maritima aggregate. Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift 69:40-57
Jefferies, R.L., Davy, A.J., Rudmik, T. 1979: The growth strategies of coastal halophytes. In: Jefferies, R.L., Davy, A.J. (Hrsg.) Ecological processes in coastal environments, S. 243-268, Blackwell. Sci. Publ., Oxford
Kutschera, L., Lichtenegger, E. 1992: Wurzelatlas mitteleuropäischer Grünlandpflanzen. Bd. 2 Pteridophyta und Dicotyledonae (Magnoliopsida). Teil I Morphologie, Anatomie, Ökologie, Verbreitung, Soziologie, Wirtschaft. Fischer, Stuttgart, Jena, New York
 
group of traits: Leaf traits »
Leaf persistence »
Leaf persistence i (persistent green)
Leaf anatomy »
Leaf anatomy s (scleromorphic)
Leaf anatomy m (mesomorphic)
Leaf form »
Leaf form gras (grass-like)
 
group of traits: Flowering phenology »
Flowering phenology »
Begin of flowering (months) 5
End of flowering (months) 11
Duration of flowering (months) 7
Number of flowering phases 0
Symphenological Groups »
Phenological group 5 (Sorbus aucuparia-Galium odoratum-Phase)
Phenological season: end of mid spring
Reference Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560
 
group of traits: Floral and reproductive biology »
Type of reproduction »
Type of reproduction ssv (mostly by seed, rarely vegetatively)
Reference Woodell, S.R.J., Dale, A. 1993: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Ameria maritima (Mill.) Willd. (Statice ameria L.; Statice maritima Mill.). Journal of Ecology 81:573-588
Type of seed production »
Type of seed production s (amphimictic, sexual)
Reference Lefebvre, C. 1985: Morphological variation, breeding system and demography at population and subpopulation levels in Armeria maritima (Mill.) Willd.. In: Jacquard, P., Heim, G., Antonovics, J. (Hrsg.) Genetic differentiation and dispersal in plants, 5, S. 129-140, Springer, Berlin
Dicliny »
Dicliny so (hermaphroditic)
Abundance always [1]
Reference Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig
Dichogamy »
Dichogamy h (homogamous)
Reference Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig
Heterostyly »
Heterostyly d (distylous)
Hetero/homostyly: e
Reference Baker, K., Richards, A.J., Tremayne, M. 1994: Fitness constraints on flower number, seed number and seed size in the dimorphic species Primula farinosa L. and Armeria maritima (Miller) Willd.. New Phytologist 128:563-570
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility »
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility I+ (± self-incompatibel)
Reference Woodell, S.R.J., Dale, A. 1993: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Ameria maritima (Mill.) Willd. (Statice ameria L.; Statice maritima Mill.). Journal of Ecology 81:573-588
Systematic reference species [S]
SI mechanism »
SI mechanism HSI (heteromorphic self-incompatibility)
Reference Woodell, S.R.J., Dale, A. 1993: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Ameria maritima (Mill.) Willd. (Statice ameria L.; Statice maritima Mill.). Journal of Ecology 81:573-588
Pollen vector »
Pollen vector se (selfing)
Pollen vector group: se (Selbstbestäubung)
Abundance rare [4]
Reference Lefebvre, C. 1985: Morphological variation, breeding system and demography at population and subpopulation levels in Armeria maritima (Mill.) Willd.. In: Jacquard, P., Heim, G., Antonovics, J. (Hrsg.) Genetic differentiation and dispersal in plants, 5, S. 129-140, Springer, Berlin
Systematic reference species [S]
Pollen vector in (insects)
Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung)
Abundance the rule [2]
Reference Woodell, S.R.J., Dale, A. 1993: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Ameria maritima (Mill.) Willd. (Statice ameria L.; Statice maritima Mill.). Journal of Ecology 81:573-588
Systematic reference species [S]
Breeding system »
Breeding system X (allogamous)
Reference Woodell, S.R.J., Dale, A. 1993: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Ameria maritima (Mill.) Willd. (Statice ameria L.; Statice maritima Mill.). Journal of Ecology 81:573-588
Floral rewards »
Floral rewards 1 (nectar)
Reference Woodell, S.R.J., Dale, A. 1993: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Ameria maritima (Mill.) Willd. (Statice ameria L.; Statice maritima Mill.). Journal of Ecology 81:573-588
Amount of floral reward 2 (little)
Floral rewards 1 (nectar)
Reference Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig
Amount of floral reward 3 (present)
Flower color »
Flower colour pink or purple
Basic flower colour ro (pink)
Reference Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin
UV reflection of the flower »
UV reflection in the periphery of the flower 2 (8-15 %)
UV reflection in the centre of the flower 2 (8-15 %)
UV reflection pattern 0 (no UV reflectance patterns)
Flower class after MUELLER »
Flower class after MUELLER B` (flower associations with totally hidden nectar)
Typical pollinators: bees, bumble bees, wasps, bombylides, syrphids
Flower type after KUGLER »
Flower type after KUGLER 7.1 (flower heads, non-Asteraceae)
 
group of traits: Seed traits »
Fruit type »
Fruit type Nu (nut)
Diaspore type »
Diaspore type FZb (fruit with appendage)
Germinule type »
Heteromorphic type n (not heteromorphic)
Germinule type F (fruit)
Information available True
Development of nutritious appendages  
Development of flat appendages  
Development of elongated appendages  
Development of additional appendages  
Heteromorphic type n (not heteromorphic)
Germinule type FZb (fruit with appendage)
Information available True
Development of nutritious appendages  
Development of flat appendages always [1]
Development of elongated appendages sometimes [2]
Development of additional appendages always [1]
Weights »
Measured object Germinule
Type of germinule or diaspore F (fruit)
Constraint False
Heteromorphic type n (not heteromorphic)
Weight (minimum) [mg] 0.7
Weight (mean) [mg] 0.9
Weight (maximum) [mg] 1.0
Measured object Germinule
Type of germinule or diaspore FZb (fruit with appendage)
Constraint False
Heteromorphic type n (not heteromorphic)
Weight (minimum) [mg] 1.4
Weight (mean) [mg] 1.5
Weight (maximum) [mg] 1.5
Measured object Diaspore
Type of germinule or diaspore FZb (fruit with appendage)
Constraint False
Heteromorphic type n (not heteromorphic)
Weight (minimum) [mg] 1.4
Weight (mean) [mg] 1.5
Weight (maximum) [mg] 1.5
Sizes »
Measured object Germinule
Type of germinule or diaspore F (fruit)
Constraint False
Heteromorphic type n (not heteromorphic)
Length (minimum) [mm] 2.0
Length (mean) [mm] 2.2
Length (maximum) [mm] 2.5
Width (minimum) [mm] 0.9
Width (mean) [mm] 1.0
Width (maximum) [mm] 1.1
Height (minimum) [mm] 0.8
Height (mean) [mm] 1.0
Height (maximum) [mm] 1.1
Measured object Diaspore
Type of germinule or diaspore FZb (fruit with appendage)
Constraint False
Heteromorphic type n (not heteromorphic)
Length (minimum) [mm] 4.5
Length (mean) [mm] 5.9
Length (maximum) [mm] 9.0
Width (minimum) [mm] 2.0
Width (mean) [mm] 2.8
Width (maximum) [mm] 3.2
Height (minimum) [mm]  
Height (mean) [mm]  
Height (maximum) [mm]  
Measured object Germinule
Type of germinule or diaspore FZb (fruit with appendage)
Constraint False
Heteromorphic type n (not heteromorphic)
Length (minimum) [mm] 4.5
Length (mean) [mm] 5.9
Length (maximum) [mm] 9.0
Width (minimum) [mm] 2.0
Width (mean) [mm] 2.8
Width (maximum) [mm] 3.2
Height (minimum) [mm]  
Height (mean) [mm]  
Height (maximum) [mm]  
special references:
Grime, J.P., Mason, G., Curtis, A.V., Rodman, J., Band, S.R., Mowforth, M.A., Neal, A.M., Shaw, S. 1981: A comparative study of germination characteristics in a local flora. Journal of Ecology 69:1017-1069 (Gattung)
Woodell, S.R.J., Dale, A. 1993: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Ameria maritima (Mill.) Willd. (Statice ameria L.; Statice maritima Mill.). Journal of Ecology 81:573-588 (Gattung)
Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
 
group of traits: Ecological strategy »
Strategy type »
Strategy type csr (competitors/stress-tolerators/ruderals)
 
group of traits: Indicator values for grassland species »
Grassland utilization indicator values »
Occurrence GE (little used grasslands)
Guild K (forb)
Mowing tolerance 3 (sensitive to mowing)
Grazing tolerance 6 (between 5 and 7 (moderately tolerant to well tolerant to grazing))
Trampling tolerance 6 (between 5 and 7 (moderately tolerant to well tolerant to trampling))
Foraging value 2 (no or little forage value)
Foraging value for deer  
 
group of traits: Range »
Floristic zone and altitudinal level »
Floristic zone u (austral and/or antarctic)
Altitudinal level  
Status natural range
Floristic zone e (submeridional)
Altitudinal level  
Status natural range
Floristic zone p (southern temperate)
Altitudinal level  
Status natural range
Floristic zone n (northern temperate)
Altitudinal level  
Status natural range
Floristic zone b (boreal)
Altitudinal level  
Status natural range
Floristic zone a (arctic)
Altitudinal level  
Status natural range
Number of inhabited floristic zones »
Number of inhabited floristic zones 5
Oceanity »
Oceanity os (weak oceanic)
Amplitude of Oceanity: 4
Minimum level of oceantity: continental climate
Maximum level of oceantity: extreme oceanic climate
Status natural range
Floristic region »
Floristic region c (circumpolar)
Continent of floristic region: c (circumpolar)
Status natural range
Floristic region m (Americas)
Continent of floristic region: m (Amerika)
Status natural range
 
group of traits: Hemeroby »
Hemeroby »
Hemeroby o (oligohemerobic)
Hemeroby m (mesohemerobic)
Hemeroby b (b-euhemerobic)
Number of hemerobic levels »
Number of hemerobic levels 3
 
group of traits: Urbanity »
Urbanity »
Urbanity 1 (urbanophobic)
 
group of traits: Habitats »
Habitat »
Habitat H1.1.3.2 (null)
Alliance: Armerion maritimae p.p.
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation  
Habitat H2 (Inland saline habitats)
Alliance: ???
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation  
Habitat H3 (Freshwater-Tide Areas)
Alliance: ???
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation  
Habitat T10.3.1.2 (null)
Alliance: ???
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation Apophyt
Habitat T5.1.3 (null)
Alliance: Violetalia calaminariae
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation  
Habitat T6.2.4.3 (null)
Alliance: Armerion maritimae
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation  
 
group of traits: Sociology »
Class »
English circumscription 01.4 (Mudwort communities)
Class: Isoeto-Littorelletea uniflorae
English circumscription 03.6 (Haline grasslands)
Class: Asteretea tripolii
English circumscription 04.4 (Communities of heavy metal soils)
Class: Violetea calaminariae
English circumscription 05.2 (Pioneer communities of hair-grasses)
Class: Koelerio-Corynephoretea
English circumscription 05.3 (Fescue-brome communities of dry and semi-dry grasslands)
Class: Festuco-Brometea
 
 
groups of traits for this species
Status »
Chromosome number »
DNA content »
Phylogeny »
Morphology »
Leaf traits »
Flowering phenology »
Floral and reproductive biology »
Seed traits »
Ecological strategy »
Indicator values for grassland species »
Range »
Hemeroby »
Urbanity »
Habitats »
Sociology »


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