species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
Epipactis purpurata Sm. |
Orchidaceae » |
Violette Stendelwurz
|
reference |
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
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Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
Epipactis purpurata Sm. |
accepted |
Epipactis helleborine purpurata (Sm.) H. Sund. |
Synonym |
Epipactis sessilifolia Peterm. |
Synonym |
Epipactis violacea (Dur.-Duq.) Boreau |
Synonym |
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Flowering phenology » |
Begin of flowering (months) |
8 |
End of flowering (months) |
9 |
Duration of flowering (months) |
2 |
Number of flowering phases |
0 |
Symphenological Groups » |
Phenological group |
9 (Hedera-Solidago-Phase) Phenological season: early autumn |
Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
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Type of reproduction » |
Type of reproduction |
sv (by seed and vegetatively) |
Reference |
Krumbiegel, A. 2002: Morphologie der vegetativen Organe (außer Blätter). In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.) BiolFlor - Biologisch-ökologische Daten zur Flora Deutschlands, S. 1-2, Bonn |
Type of seed production » |
Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
Reference |
Ziegenspeck, H. 1936: Orchidaceae. von Kirchner, O., Loew, E., Schröter, C., and Wangerin, W. (Hrsg.), Lebensgeschichte der Blütenpflanzen Mitteleuropas Vol. 1, 4. |
Dicliny » |
Dicliny |
so (hermaphroditic) |
Abundance |
always [1] |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility » |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
SC (self-compatibel) |
Reference |
East, E.M. 1940: The distribution of self-sterility in the flowering plants. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 82:449-518 |
Systematic reference |
genus [G] |
Pollen vector » |
Pollen vector |
se (selfing) Pollen vector group: se (Selbstbestäubung) |
Abundance |
rare [4] |
Reference |
Ziegenspeck, H. 1936: Orchidaceae. von Kirchner, O., Loew, E., Schröter, C., and Wangerin, W. (Hrsg.), Lebensgeschichte der Blütenpflanzen Mitteleuropas Vol. 1, 4. |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
Pollen vector |
in (insects) Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung) |
Abundance |
the rule [2] |
Reference |
Ziegenspeck, H. 1936: Orchidaceae. von Kirchner, O., Loew, E., Schröter, C., and Wangerin, W. (Hrsg.), Lebensgeschichte der Blütenpflanzen Mitteleuropas Vol. 1, 4. |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
Breeding system » |
Breeding system |
AFXF (mixed mating) |
Reference |
Anmerkung 2002: vgl. Klassifizierungsschema Abb. |
Breeding system |
AF (facultative autogamous) |
Reference |
Fryxell, P.M. 1957: Modes of reproduction of higher plants. The Botanical Review 23:135-233 |
Floral rewards » |
Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
Reference |
Walther, H., Hamel, G. 1986: Orchideen. Bildtafeln mitteleuropäischer Arten, Formen und Bastarde. Fischer, Jena |
Amount of floral reward |
2 (little) |
Flower color » |
Flower colour |
yellow green and violet |
Basic flower colour |
gr (green) |
Reference |
Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
UV reflection of the flower » |
UV reflection in the periphery of the flower |
2 (8-15 %) |
UV reflection in the centre of the flower |
2 (8-15 %) |
UV reflection pattern |
0 (no UV reflectance patterns) |
Flower class after MUELLER » |
Flower class after MUELLER |
AB (flowers with partly hidden nectar) Typical pollinators: syrphids, bees |
Flower type after KUGLER » |
Flower type after KUGLER |
5.4 (lip flowers, Orchis type) |
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Fruit type » |
Fruit type |
Ka (capsule) |
Diaspore type » |
Diaspore type |
S (seed) |
Germinule type » |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Germinule type |
S (seed) |
Information available |
True |
Development of nutritious appendages |
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Development of flat appendages |
always [1] |
Development of elongated appendages |
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Development of additional appendages |
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Sizes » |
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
|
Length (mean) [mm] |
1.3 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
|
Width (minimum) [mm] |
|
Width (mean) [mm] |
0.2 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
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Height (minimum) [mm] |
|
Height (mean) [mm] |
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Height (maximum) [mm] |
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Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
|
Length (mean) [mm] |
1.3 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
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Width (minimum) [mm] |
|
Width (mean) [mm] |
0.2 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
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Height (minimum) [mm] |
|
Height (mean) [mm] |
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Height (maximum) [mm] |
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special references:
|
Luftensteiner, H.W. 1982: Untersuchungen zur Verbreitungssbiologie von Pflanzengemeinschaften an vier Standorten in Niederösterreich. Bibliotheca Botanica 135:1-68 (Gattung)
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Young, D.P. 1961: Studies in the British Epipactis. VII. Seed dimensions and root diameters. Watsonia 5:140-142 (Gattung)
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Ziegler, B. 1981: Mikromorphologie der Orchideen-Samen unter Berücksichtigung taxonomischer Aspekte. Universität Heidelberg (Gattung)
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Heinisch, O. 1955: Samenatlas der wichtigsten Futterpflanzen und ihrer Unkräuter. Deutsche Akad. Landwirtsch.-Wiss., Berlin (Gattung)
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Habitat » |
Habitat |
T1.1.1.3 (null) Alliance: Galio odorati-Fagenion
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Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
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Class » |
English circumscription |
10.2 (Mesophilous, summer-green deciduous forests) Class: Carpino-Fagetea
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