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Overview of all traits of a species

species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status)
BiolFlor-Name family german name(s)
Cypripedium calceolus L. Orchidaceae » Gelber Frauenschuh
reference
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
 
Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998)
Cypripedium calceolus L. accepted
 
group of traits: Status »
Floristic status »
Floristic status I (indigenous)
Evolutionary origin »
Evolutionary origin n (naturally)
Region of origin »
Region of origin 0 (not specified)
Endemism »
Endemism 0 (not specified)
Reference unbekannt
 
group of traits: Chromosome number »
Chromosome number »
Basic chromosome number 10
Chromosome number 2n 20
Chromosome number (Germany) False
Most common chromosome race False
Ploidy level 2 (diploid)
Ploidy type D (diploid with haploid basic number)
Reference Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart
Basic chromosome number 11
Chromosome number 2n 22
Chromosome number (Germany) True
Most common chromosome race False
Ploidy level  
Ploidy type R (palaeopolyploid; polyploid basic number)
Reference Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart
 
group of traits: DNA content »
DNA content »
DNA content (pg/2C) 64.7
Chromosome number 20
Quality chromosome number known and occurring in Germany [b]
Authorised in BENNET & LEITCH 2001 True
Reference Bennett, M.D., Bhandol, P., Leitch, I.J. 2000: Nuclear DNA amounts in angiosperms and their modern uses - 807 new estimates. Annals of Botany 86:859-909
 
group of traits: Phylogeny »
Phylogeny code »
Phylogeny code BBBBBABBBBABBA
 
group of traits: Morphology »
Life form »
Life form G (Geophyte)
Qualifier always [1]
Life span »
Life span p (pluriennial-pollakanthic)
Qualifier always [1]
Vegetative propagation »
Vegetative propagation rh (Rhizome)
Qualifier always [1]
Storage organs »
Storage organs rh (Rhizome)
Qualifier always [1]
Shoot metamorphoses »
Shoot metamorphoses rh (Rhizome)
Qualifier always [1]
Rosettes »
Rosettes r (Erosulate plant)
Qualifier always [1]
special references:
Kull, T. 1999: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Cypripedium calceolus L.. Journal of Ecology 87:913-924
Lukasiewicz, A. 1966: Rytmika rozwojowa bylin. Poznanskie Towarzystwo Przyjaciol Nauk, Prace Komisji Biol. 31:1-34
Blinova, I. 2000: Sproßbildung einiger Orchidaceae der Kola-Halbinsel (Nordwest-Rußland). Flora 195:35-44
Piqueras, J., Klimes, L. 1998: Demography and modelling of clonal fragments in the pseudoannual plant Trientalis europaea L.. Plant Ecology 136:213-227
Dijk, E., Willems, J.H., van Andel, J. 1997: Nutrient responses as a key factor to the ecology of orchid species. Acta Botanica Neerlandica 46:339-363
Möller, O. 1987: Vom Samenkorn bis zur ersten echten Knolle: Das Protocormstadium von Orchis mascula. Die Orchidee 38:297-302
Möller, O. 1987: Die subterrane Innovation und der Wachstumszyklus einiger Erdorchideen. Die Orchidee 38:13-22
Lukasiewicz, A. 1962: Morfologizno-rozwojowe typy bylin (Morphologic development types of perennials). The Poznan Soc. of Friends of Science. Dept. math. -nat. Sci. Publ. Ser. Biol. (Posen) 27:1-398
Kull, T. 1995: Genet and ramet dynamics of Cypripedium calceolus in different habitats. Abstr. Bot. 19:95-104
Fuchs, A., Ziegenspeck, H. 1926: Entwicklungsgeschichte der Axen der einheimischen Orchideen und ihre Physiologie und Biologie. I. Teil. Cypripedium, Helleborine, Limodorum, Cephalanthera. Bot. Archiv 14:165-260
Lukasiewicz, A. 1970: Lebenszyklen und Entwicklungsperioden der Stauden. Bulletin de la sociqtq des amis des sciences et des lettres de Poznan ser. D - 11:91-103
Mätsevainio, K. 1931: Untersuchungen ber das Wurzelsystem der Moorpflanzen. Ann. Bot. Soc. Zool. -Bot. Fenn. Vanamo 1:1-418
Irmisch, T. 1853: Beiträge zur Biologie und Morphologie der Orchideen. Leipzig
 
group of traits: Leaf traits »
Leaf persistence »
Leaf persistence s (summer green)
Leaf anatomy »
Leaf anatomy m (mesomorphic)
Leaf form »
Leaf form lang (long-leaf)
 
group of traits: Flowering phenology »
Flowering phenology »
Begin of flowering (months) 5
End of flowering (months) 6
Duration of flowering (months) 2
Number of flowering phases 0
Symphenological Groups »
Phenological group 5 (Sorbus aucuparia-Galium odoratum-Phase)
Phenological season: end of mid spring
Reference Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560
 
group of traits: Floral and reproductive biology »
Type of reproduction »
Type of reproduction vvs (mostly vegetatively, rarely by seed)
Reference Kull, T. 1999: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Cypripedium calceolus L.. Journal of Ecology 87:913-924
Type of seed production »
Type of seed production s (amphimictic, sexual)
Reference Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig
Dicliny »
Dicliny so (hermaphroditic)
Abundance always [1]
Reference Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility »
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility SI (self-incompatibel)
Reference Daumann, E. 1968: Zur Bestäubungsökologie von Cypripedium calceolus L.. Österreichische Botanische Zeitschrift 115:434-446
Systematic reference species [S]
SI mechanism »
SI mechanism U (unknown mechanism)
Reference unbekannt
Pollen vector »
Pollen vector in (insects)
Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung)
Abundance always [1]
Reference Daumann, E. 1968: Zur Bestäubungsökologie von Cypripedium calceolus L.. Österreichische Botanische Zeitschrift 115:434-446
Systematic reference species [S]
Breeding system »
Breeding system X (allogamous)
Reference Anmerkung 2002: xenogam, da SI
Floral rewards »
Floral rewards 1 (nectar)
Reference Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig
Amount of floral reward 1 (none)
Floral rewards 4 (deceit)
Reference Daumann, E. 1971: Zum Problem der Täuschblumen. Preslia (Praha) 43:304-317
Amount of floral reward 3 (present)
Floral rewards 4 (deceit)
Reference Kull, T. 1999: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Cypripedium calceolus L.. Journal of Ecology 87:913-924
Amount of floral reward 3 (present)
Flower color »
Flower colour purple brown, lip yellow
Basic flower colour br (brown)
Reference Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin
UV reflection of the flower »
UV reflection in the periphery of the flower 1 (0-7 %)
UV reflection in the centre of the flower 5 (40-66 %)
UV reflection pattern 1 (UV reflectance pattern present)
Flower class after MUELLER »
Flower class after MUELLER Dkl (clamp trap flowers)
Typical pollinators: flies, bees
Flower type after KUGLER »
Flower type after KUGLER 10.1 (vessel trap flowers)
 
group of traits: Seed traits »
Fruit type »
Fruit type Ka (capsule)
Diaspore type »
Diaspore type S (seed)
Germinule type »
Heteromorphic type n (not heteromorphic)
Germinule type S (seed)
Information available True
Development of nutritious appendages  
Development of flat appendages always [1]
Development of elongated appendages  
Development of additional appendages  
Sizes »
Measured object Germinule
Type of germinule or diaspore S (seed)
Constraint False
Heteromorphic type n (not heteromorphic)
Length (minimum) [mm] 0.6
Length (mean) [mm] 0.9
Length (maximum) [mm] 1.0
Width (minimum) [mm] 0.1
Width (mean) [mm] 0.2
Width (maximum) [mm] 0.2
Height (minimum) [mm] 0.1
Height (mean) [mm] 0.2
Height (maximum) [mm] 0.2
Measured object Diaspore
Type of germinule or diaspore S (seed)
Constraint False
Heteromorphic type n (not heteromorphic)
Length (minimum) [mm] 0.6
Length (mean) [mm] 0.9
Length (maximum) [mm] 1.0
Width (minimum) [mm] 0.1
Width (mean) [mm] 0.2
Width (maximum) [mm] 0.2
Height (minimum) [mm] 0.1
Height (mean) [mm] 0.2
Height (maximum) [mm] 0.2
special references:
Kull, T. 1999: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Cypripedium calceolus L.. Journal of Ecology 87:913-924 (Gattung)
Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
Ziegler, B. 1981: Mikromorphologie der Orchideen-Samen unter Berücksichtigung taxonomischer Aspekte. Universität Heidelberg (Gattung)
 
group of traits: Ecological strategy »
Strategy type »
Strategy type c (competitors)
 
group of traits: Range »
Floristic zone and altitudinal level »
Floristic zone e (submeridional)
Altitudinal level m (montane)
Status natural range
Floristic zone p (southern temperate)
Altitudinal level  
Status natural range
Floristic zone n (northern temperate)
Altitudinal level  
Status natural range
Floristic zone b (boreal)
Altitudinal level  
Status natural range
Number of inhabited floristic zones »
Number of inhabited floristic zones 3
Oceanity »
Oceanity sks (weak subcontinental)
Amplitude of Oceanity: 4
Minimum level of oceantity: extreme central continental climate
Maximum level of oceantity: extreme oceanic climate
Status natural range
Floristic region »
Floristic region c (circumpolar)
Continent of floristic region: c (circumpolar)
Status natural range
 
group of traits: Hemeroby »
Hemeroby »
Hemeroby o (oligohemerobic)
Hemeroby m (mesohemerobic)
Number of hemerobic levels »
Number of hemerobic levels 2
 
group of traits: Urbanity »
Urbanity »
Urbanity 1 (urbanophobic)
 
group of traits: Habitats »
Habitat »
Habitat T1.1.1.4 (null)
Alliance: Cephalanthero-Fagenion
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation  
Habitat T1.1.2.4 (null)
Alliance: Quercetalia pubescentis
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation  
Habitat T1.4.1.2 (null)
Alliance: Cytiso ruthenico-Pinion
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation  
Habitat T1.4.2 (null)
Alliance: Galio-Abietenion
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation  
 
group of traits: Sociology »
Class »
English circumscription 07.1 (Thermophilous and mesophilous forest grassland ecotones)
Class: Trifolio-Geranietea sanguinei
English circumscription 10.2 (Mesophilous, summer-green deciduous forests)
Class: Carpino-Fagetea
English circumscription 10.4 (Thermophilous dry oak forests)
Class: Quercetea pubescentis-petraeae
English circumscription 10.6 (Pine steppe-forests)
Class: Pulsatillo-Pinetea sylvestris
 
 
groups of traits for this species
Status »
Chromosome number »
DNA content »
Phylogeny »
Morphology »
Leaf traits »
Flowering phenology »
Floral and reproductive biology »
Seed traits »
Ecological strategy »
Range »
Hemeroby »
Urbanity »
Habitats »
Sociology »


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