species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
Cicuta virosa L. |
Apiaceae » |
Giftiger Wasserschierling
|
reference |
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
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Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
Cicuta virosa L. |
accepted |
|
Chromosome number » |
Basic chromosome number |
11 |
Chromosome number 2n |
44 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
Most common chromosome race |
False |
Ploidy level |
|
Ploidy type |
R (palaeopolyploid; polyploid basic number) |
Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
Basic chromosome number |
11 |
Chromosome number 2n |
22 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
Most common chromosome race |
False |
Ploidy level |
2 (diploid) |
Ploidy type |
R (palaeopolyploid; polyploid basic number) |
Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
|
Life form » |
Life form |
H (Hemicryptophyte) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Life span » |
Life span |
p (pluriennial-pollakanthic) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Storage organs » |
Storage organs |
rh (Rhizome) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Shoot metamorphoses » |
Shoot metamorphoses |
rh (Rhizome) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Rosettes » |
Rosettes |
h (Hemirosette plant) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
special references:
|
Mulligan, G.A., Munro, D.B. 1981: The biology of Canadian weeds. 48. Cicuta maculata L., C. douglasii (DC.) Coult. & Rose and C. virosa L.. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 61:93-105
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Ebel, F., Mühlberg, H. 1989: Ökomorphologische Studien an Schwingmoorpflanzen. Hercynia N. F. 26:432-444
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Ebel, F., Mühlberg, H. 1987: Vergleichend-ökomorphologische Untersuchungen an Pflanzen-Taxa eines Trocken- und Feuchtbiotops. Hercynia N. F. 24:408-424
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Glück, H. 1911: Biologische und morphologische Untersuchungen über Wasser- und Sumpfgewächse. 3. Aufl., Jena
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Flowering phenology » |
Begin of flowering (months) |
7 |
End of flowering (months) |
9 |
Duration of flowering (months) |
3 |
Number of flowering phases |
0 |
Symphenological Groups » |
Phenological group |
8 (Clematis vitalba-Galium sylvaticum-Phase) Phenological season: midsummer |
Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
Type of reproduction » |
Type of reproduction |
sv (by seed and vegetatively) |
Reference |
Mulligan, G.A., Munro, D.B. 1981: The biology of Canadian weeds. 48. Cicuta maculata L., C. douglasii (DC.) Coult. & Rose and C. virosa L.. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 61:93-105 |
Type of seed production » |
Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Dicliny » |
Dicliny |
am (andromonoecious) |
Abundance |
always [1] |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility » |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
SC (self-compatibel) |
Reference |
East, E.M. 1940: The distribution of self-sterility in the flowering plants. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 82:449-518 |
Systematic reference |
family [F] |
Pollen vector » |
Pollen vector |
in (insects) Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung) |
Abundance |
the rule [2] |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
Breeding system » |
Breeding system |
AFXF (mixed mating) |
Reference |
Anmerkung 2002: vgl. Klassifizierungsschema Abb. |
Floral rewards » |
Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Amount of floral reward |
3 (present) |
Flower color » |
Flower colour |
white |
Basic flower colour |
w (white) |
Reference |
Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
Flower class after MUELLER » |
Flower class after MUELLER |
A (flowers with open nectar) Typical pollinators: beetles, flies, syrphids, wasps, medium tongued bees |
Flower type after KUGLER » |
Flower type after KUGLER |
1.2a (disk flowers with nectar open) |
|
Fruit type » |
Fruit type |
SpF (schizocarp) |
Diaspore type » |
Diaspore type |
F (fruit) |
Diaspore type |
TF (mericarp) |
Germinule type » |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Germinule type |
TF (mericarp) |
Information available |
True |
Development of nutritious appendages |
|
Development of flat appendages |
|
Development of elongated appendages |
|
Development of additional appendages |
|
Weights » |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
TF (mericarp) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
|
Weight (mean) [mg] |
2.1 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
|
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
TF (mericarp) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
|
Weight (mean) [mg] |
2.1 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
|
Sizes » |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
TF (mericarp) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
1.5 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
2.1 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
2.8 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.2 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
1.7 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
2.0 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
1.2 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
1.5 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.8 |
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
TF (mericarp) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
1.5 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
2.1 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
2.8 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.2 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
1.7 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
2.0 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
1.2 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
1.5 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.8 |
special references:
|
Anderberg, A.L. 1994: Atlas of seeds and small fruits of Northwest-European plant species with morphological descriptions. - Part 4 (Resedaceae - Umbelliferae). Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm (Gattung)
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Beijerink, W. 1947: Zadenatlas der Nederlandsche Flora. Biol. Stat. Wijster, Wageningen (Gattung)
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Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
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Tutin, T.G. 1980: Umbellifers of the British Isles. Botanical Society of the British Isles Handbook No. 2 . London. (Gattung)
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Grassland utilization indicator values » |
Occurrence |
GE (little used grasslands) |
Guild |
K (forb) |
Mowing tolerance |
3 (sensitive to mowing) |
Grazing tolerance |
9 (very tolerant to grazing) |
Trampling tolerance |
4 (between 3 and 5 (sensitive to moderately tolerant to trampling)) |
Foraging value |
1 (poisonous for livestock (and humans)) |
Foraging value for deer |
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Habitat » |
Habitat |
L3.5 (null) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
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Class » |
English circumscription |
01.6 (Communities of reeds and tall sedges) Class: Phragmito-Magnocaricetea
|
English circumscription |
10.1 (Alder marsh woodlands) Class: Alnetea glutinosae
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