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Overview of all traits of a species

species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status)
BiolFlor-Name family german name(s)
Cephalanthera rubra (L.) Rich. Orchidaceae » Rotes Waldvögelein
reference
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
 
Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998)
Cephalanthera rubra (L.) Rich. accepted
Epipactis rubra (L.) All. Synonym
Serapias rubra L. Basionym
 
group of traits: Status »
Floristic status »
Floristic status I (indigenous)
Evolutionary origin »
Evolutionary origin n (naturally)
Region of origin »
Region of origin 0 (not specified)
Endemism »
Endemism 0 (not specified)
Reference unbekannt
 
group of traits: Chromosome number »
Chromosome number »
Basic chromosome number 11
Chromosome number 2n 44
Chromosome number (Germany) False
Most common chromosome race False
Ploidy level 4 (tetraploid)
Ploidy type R (palaeopolyploid; polyploid basic number)
Reference Schwarzacher, T., Schweizer, D. 1982: Karyotype analysis and heterochromatin differentiation with Giemsa C-banding and fluorescent counterstaining in Cephalanthera (Orchidaceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 141:91-113
Basic chromosome number 12
Chromosome number 2n 48
Chromosome number (Germany) False
Most common chromosome race False
Ploidy level 4 (tetraploid)
Ploidy type R (palaeopolyploid; polyploid basic number)
Reference Rothmaler, W. 1990: Exkursionsflora. Band 4, Kritischer Band. 8. Aufl., Verlag Volk und Wissen, Berlin
Basic chromosome number 18
Chromosome number 2n 36
Chromosome number (Germany) True
Most common chromosome race False
Ploidy level 2 (diploid)
Ploidy type R (palaeopolyploid; polyploid basic number)
Reference Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart
 
group of traits: Phylogeny »
Phylogeny code »
Phylogeny code BBBBBABBBBABBBBAABAA
 
group of traits: Morphology »
Life form »
Life form G (Geophyte)
Qualifier always [1]
Life span »
Life span p (pluriennial-pollakanthic)
Qualifier always [1]
Vegetative propagation »
Vegetative propagation rh (Rhizome)
Qualifier always [1]
Vegetative propagation ws (Root shoot)
Qualifier always [1]
Storage organs »
Storage organs rh (Rhizome)
Qualifier always [1]
Shoot metamorphoses »
Shoot metamorphoses rh (Rhizome)
Qualifier always [1]
Root metamorphoses »
Root metamorphoses ws (Root shoot)
Qualifier always [1]
Rosettes »
Rosettes r (Erosulate plant)
Qualifier always [1]
special references:
Irmisch, T. 1857: Über die Keimung und Erneuerungsweise von Convolvulus sepium, C. arvensis, sowie über hypokotylische Adventivknospen bei krautigen phanerogamen Pflanzen. Bot. Ztg. 15:433-443
Beijerinck, M.W. 1887: Beobachtungen und Betrachtungen über Wurzelknospen und Nebenwurzeln. Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch. , Afd. Natuurk. , Tweede Sect. 25:1-146
Wittrock, V.B. 1884: Über Wurzelsprosse bei krautigen Gewächsen, mit besonderer Rücksicht auf ihre verschiedene biologische Bedeutung. Biol. Centralbl. 17:227-232
Fuchs, A., Ziegenspeck, H. 1926: Entwicklungsgeschichte der Axen der einheimischen Orchideen und ihre Physiologie und Biologie. I. Teil. Cypripedium, Helleborine, Limodorum, Cephalanthera. Bot. Archiv 14:165-260
Rauh, W. 1937: Die Bildung von Hypokotyl- und Wurzelsprossen und ihre Bedeutung für die Wuchsformen der Pflanzen. Nova Acta Leopold. N. F. 4:395-553
Raunkiaer, C. 1934: The life forms of plants and statistical plant geography. Oxford
Irmisch, T. 1853: Beiträge zur Biologie und Morphologie der Orchideen. Leipzig
 
group of traits: Leaf traits »
Leaf persistence »
Leaf persistence s (summer green)
Leaf anatomy »
Leaf anatomy m (mesomorphic)
Leaf form »
Leaf form lang (long-leaf)
 
group of traits: Flowering phenology »
Flowering phenology »
Begin of flowering (months) 6
End of flowering (months) 7
Duration of flowering (months) 2
Number of flowering phases 0
Symphenological Groups »
Phenological group 7 (Ligustrum-Stachys sylvatica-Phase)
Phenological season: end of early summer
Reference Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560
 
group of traits: Floral and reproductive biology »
Type of reproduction »
Type of reproduction sv (by seed and vegetatively)
Reference Krumbiegel, A. 2002: Morphologie der vegetativen Organe (außer Blätter). In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.) BiolFlor - Biologisch-ökologische Daten zur Flora Deutschlands, S. 1-2, Bonn
Type of seed production »
Type of seed production s (amphimictic, sexual)
Reference Proctor, M.C.F., Yeo, P., Lack, A. 1996: The natural history of pollination. HarperCollins Publishers, London
Dicliny »
Dicliny so (hermaphroditic)
Abundance always [1]
Reference Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility »
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility SC (self-compatibel)
Reference East, E.M. 1940: The distribution of self-sterility in the flowering plants. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 82:449-518
Systematic reference genus [G]
Pollen vector »
Pollen vector se (selfing)
Pollen vector group: se (Selbstbestäubung)
Abundance possible [5]
Reference Ziegenspeck, H. 1936: Orchidaceae. von Kirchner, O., Loew, E., Schröter, C., and Wangerin, W. (Hrsg.), Lebensgeschichte der Blütenpflanzen Mitteleuropas Vol. 1, 4.
Systematic reference species [S]
Pollen vector in (insects)
Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung)
Abundance unknown [0]
Reference Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig
Systematic reference species [S]
Breeding system »
Breeding system AFXF (mixed mating)
Reference Anmerkung 2002: vgl. Klassifizierungsschema Abb.
Floral rewards »
Floral rewards 1 (nectar)
Reference Daumann, E. 1968: Tier-, Wind- und Wasserblütigkeit in der tschechoslowakischen Flora. I. Monocotyledonen.. Österreichische Botanische Zeitschrift 115:427-433
Amount of floral reward 1 (none)
Floral rewards 4 (deceit)
Reference Daumann, E. 1968: Tier-, Wind- und Wasserblütigkeit in der tschechoslowakischen Flora. I. Monocotyledonen.. Österreichische Botanische Zeitschrift 115:427-433
Amount of floral reward 3 (present)
Flower color »
Flower colour pink, lip white or red
Basic flower colour ro (pink)
Reference Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin
Flower class after MUELLER »
Flower class after MUELLER Hb (bee flowers )
Typical pollinators: bees
Flower type after KUGLER »
Flower type after KUGLER 5.4 (lip flowers, Orchis type)
 
group of traits: Seed traits »
Fruit type »
Fruit type Ka (capsule)
Diaspore type »
Diaspore type S (seed)
Germinule type »
Heteromorphic type n (not heteromorphic)
Germinule type S (seed)
Information available True
Development of nutritious appendages  
Development of flat appendages always [1]
Development of elongated appendages  
Development of additional appendages  
Sizes »
Measured object Germinule
Type of germinule or diaspore S (seed)
Constraint False
Heteromorphic type n (not heteromorphic)
Length (minimum) [mm]  
Length (mean) [mm] 1.0
Length (maximum) [mm]  
Width (minimum) [mm]  
Width (mean) [mm] 0.1
Width (maximum) [mm]  
Height (minimum) [mm]  
Height (mean) [mm]  
Height (maximum) [mm]  
Measured object Diaspore
Type of germinule or diaspore S (seed)
Constraint False
Heteromorphic type n (not heteromorphic)
Length (minimum) [mm]  
Length (mean) [mm] 1.0
Length (maximum) [mm]  
Width (minimum) [mm]  
Width (mean) [mm] 0.1
Width (maximum) [mm]  
Height (minimum) [mm]  
Height (mean) [mm]  
Height (maximum) [mm]  
special references:
Luftensteiner, H.W. 1982: Untersuchungen zur Verbreitungssbiologie von Pflanzengemeinschaften an vier Standorten in Niederösterreich. Bibliotheca Botanica 135:1-68 (Gattung)
Ziegler, B. 1981: Mikromorphologie der Orchideen-Samen unter Berücksichtigung taxonomischer Aspekte. Universität Heidelberg (Gattung)
 
group of traits: Ecological strategy »
Strategy type »
Strategy type csr (competitors/stress-tolerators/ruderals)
 
group of traits: Range »
Floristic zone and altitudinal level »
Floristic zone m (meridional)
Altitudinal level m (montane)
Status natural range
Floristic zone e (submeridional)
Altitudinal level m (montane)
Status natural range
Floristic zone p (southern temperate)
Altitudinal level  
Status natural range
Floristic zone n (northern temperate)
Altitudinal level  
Status natural range
Number of inhabited floristic zones »
Number of inhabited floristic zones 3
Oceanity »
Oceanity so (suboceanic)
Amplitude of Oceanity: 3
Minimum level of oceantity: continental climate
Maximum level of oceantity: extreme oceanic climate
Status natural range
Floristic region »
Floristic region e (Europe)
Continent of floristic region: e (Europa)
Status natural range
 
group of traits: Hemeroby »
Hemeroby »
Hemeroby o (oligohemerobic)
Hemeroby m (mesohemerobic)
Number of hemerobic levels »
Number of hemerobic levels 2
 
group of traits: Urbanity »
Urbanity »
Urbanity 1 (urbanophobic)
 
group of traits: Habitats »
Habitat »
Habitat T1.1.1 (null)
Alliance: Fagion sylvaticae
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation  
Habitat T1.1.2.3 (null)
Alliance: Carpinion betuli
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation  
Habitat T1.1.2.4 (null)
Alliance: Quercetalia pubescentis
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation  
Habitat T1.4.1.2 (null)
Alliance: Cytiso ruthenico-Pinion
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation  
Habitat T1.4.1.3 (null)
Alliance: Erico-Pinion
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation  
 
group of traits: Sociology »
Class »
English circumscription 10.2 (Mesophilous, summer-green deciduous forests)
Class: Carpino-Fagetea
English circumscription 10.4 (Thermophilous dry oak forests)
Class: Quercetea pubescentis-petraeae
English circumscription 10.6 (Pine steppe-forests)
Class: Pulsatillo-Pinetea sylvestris
English circumscription 10.7 (Snow-heather pine-forests)
Class: Erico-Pinetea
 
 
groups of traits for this species
Status »
Chromosome number »
Phylogeny »
Morphology »
Leaf traits »
Flowering phenology »
Floral and reproductive biology »
Seed traits »
Ecological strategy »
Range »
Hemeroby »
Urbanity »
Habitats »
Sociology »


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