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Overview of all traits of a species

species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status)
BiolFlor-Name family german name(s)
Cyperus esculentus L. Cyperaceae » Erdmandel
reference
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
 
Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998)
Cyperus esculentus L. accepted
Chlorocyperus esculentus (L.) Palla Synonym
 
group of traits: Status »
Floristic status »
Floristic status N (neophyte)
Evolutionary origin »
Evolutionary origin u (unknown)
Region of origin »
Region of origin 0 (not specified)
Endemism »
Endemism 0 (not specified)
Reference unbekannt
Mode of introduction »
Mode of introduction VN (escaped crop and timber plant)
Degree of naturalization »
Maximum degree of naturalization EO (epecophyte)
 
group of traits: Chromosome number »
Chromosome number »
Basic chromosome number 18
Chromosome number 2n 18
Chromosome number (Germany) False
Most common chromosome race False
Ploidy level  
Ploidy type R (palaeopolyploid; polyploid basic number)
Reference Löve, A., Löve, D. 1961: Chromosome numbers of central and northwest European species. . Almquist & Wiksell, Stockholm.
Basic chromosome number 18
Chromosome number 2n 108
Chromosome number (Germany) False
Most common chromosome race False
Ploidy level 6 (hexaploid)
Ploidy type R (palaeopolyploid; polyploid basic number)
Reference Darlington, C.D., Wylie, A.P. 1955: Chromosome atlas of flowering plants. 2. Aufl., Georg Allen & Unwin, London
 
group of traits: DNA content »
DNA content »
DNA content (pg/2C) 1.2
Chromosome number 128
Quality chromosome number known and occurring in Germany [b]
Authorised in BENNET & LEITCH 2001 True
Reference Bennett, M.D., Leitch, I.J., Hanson, L. 1998: DNA amounts in two samples of angiosperm weeds. Annals of Botany 82 Supplement A:121-134
 
group of traits: Phylogeny »
Phylogeny code »
Phylogeny code BBBBBABBBBAAAAABBBBBBBBAAC
 
group of traits: Morphology »
Life form »
Life form G (Geophyte)
Qualifier always [1]
Life form H (Hemicryptophyte)
Qualifier always [1]
Life span »
Life span p (pluriennial-pollakanthic)
Qualifier always [1]
Vegetative propagation »
Vegetative propagation a (Runner)
Qualifier always [1]
Vegetative propagation ak (Runner with tuberous tip)
Qualifier always [1]
Storage organs »
Storage organs a (Runner)
Qualifier always [1]
Storage organs ak (Runner with tuberous tip)
Qualifier always [1]
Shoot metamorphoses »
Shoot metamorphoses a (Runner)
Qualifier always [1]
Shoot metamorphoses ak (Runner with tuberous tip)
Qualifier always [1]
Rosettes »
Rosettes h (Hemirosette plant)
Qualifier always [1]
special references:
Wisskirchen, R. 1995: Verbreitung und Ökologie von Flußufer-Pioniergesellschaften (Chenopodion rubri) im mittleren und westlichen Europa. Dissertationes Botanicae . Cramer, Berlin, Stuttgart.
Warming, E. 1918: Om Jordudløbere. K. Dansk. Selsk. Vidensk. Skr. , Naturvid. og Mathem. Afd. 8. R. II:295-378
van Groenendael, J.M., Haberkotte, B. 1988: Cyperus esculentus - biology, population dynamics, and possibilities to control this neophyte. Z. PflKrankh. , PflSchutz, Sonderh. 11:61-69
 
group of traits: Leaf traits »
Leaf persistence »
Leaf persistence s (summer green)
Leaf anatomy »
Leaf anatomy m (mesomorphic)
Leaf anatomy e (helomorphic)
Leaf form »
Leaf form gras (grass-like)
 
group of traits: Flowering phenology »
Flowering phenology »
Begin of flowering (months) 7
End of flowering (months) 9
Duration of flowering (months) 3
Number of flowering phases 0
Symphenological Groups »
Phenological group 0 (not available)
Phenological season: not available
Reference Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560
 
group of traits: Floral and reproductive biology »
Type of reproduction »
Type of reproduction vvs (mostly vegetatively, rarely by seed)
Reference Abad, P., Pascual, B., Maroto, J.V., Lopez-Galarza, S., Vicente, M.J., Alagarda, J. 1998: RAPD analysis of cultivated and wild yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.). Weed Science 46:318-321
Type of seed production »
Type of seed production s (amphimictic, sexual)
Reference Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig
Dicliny »
Dicliny so (hermaphroditic)
Abundance always [1]
Reference Anmerkung 2002: pers. obs.
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility »
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility SI (self-incompatibel)
Reference Abad, P., Pascual, B., Maroto, J.V., Lopez-Galarza, S., Vicente, M.J., Alagarda, J. 1998: RAPD analysis of cultivated and wild yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.). Weed Science 46:318-321
Systematic reference species [S]
SI mechanism »
SI mechanism U (unknown mechanism)
Reference unbekannt
Pollen vector »
Pollen vector wi (wind)
Pollen vector group: ab (abiotische Bestäubung)
Abundance the rule [2]
Reference Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig
Systematic reference species [S]
Breeding system »
Breeding system X (allogamous)
Reference Anmerkung 2002: vgl. Klassifizierungsschema Abb.
Floral rewards »
Floral rewards 1 (nectar)
Reference Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig
Amount of floral reward 1 (none)
Flower class after MUELLER »
Flower class after MUELLER W (wind flowers)
Typical pollinators: -
Flower type after KUGLER »
Flower type after KUGLER 0 (not applicable)
 
group of traits: Seed traits »
Fruit type »
Fruit type Nu (nut)
Diaspore type »
Diaspore type F (fruit)
Germinule type »
Heteromorphic type n (not heteromorphic)
Germinule type F (fruit)
Information available True
Development of nutritious appendages  
Development of flat appendages  
Development of elongated appendages  
Development of additional appendages  
Sizes »
Measured object Germinule
Type of germinule or diaspore F (fruit)
Constraint False
Heteromorphic type n (not heteromorphic)
Length (minimum) [mm] 1.2
Length (mean) [mm] 1.4
Length (maximum) [mm] 1.5
Width (minimum) [mm]  
Width (mean) [mm]  
Width (maximum) [mm]  
Height (minimum) [mm]  
Height (mean) [mm]  
Height (maximum) [mm]  
Measured object Diaspore
Type of germinule or diaspore F (fruit)
Constraint False
Heteromorphic type n (not heteromorphic)
Length (minimum) [mm] 1.2
Length (mean) [mm] 1.4
Length (maximum) [mm] 1.5
Width (minimum) [mm]  
Width (mean) [mm]  
Width (maximum) [mm]  
Height (minimum) [mm]  
Height (mean) [mm]  
Height (maximum) [mm]  
special references:
Berggren, G. 1969: Atlas of seeds and small fruits of Northwest-European plant species with morphological descriptions. - Part 2 (Cyperaceae). Swedish Natural Science Research Council, Stockholm (Gattung)
Häfliger, T.J., Wolf, M. 1988: Dicot Weeds. Documenta CIBA-GEIGY Ltd., Basel (Gattung)
Sojak, J. 1958: Klic k urceni plodu nasich Cyperacei (excl. Carex). Preslia (Praha) 30:43-58 (Gattung)
 
group of traits: Ecological strategy »
Strategy type »
Strategy type c (competitors)
 
group of traits: Range »
Floristic zone and altitudinal level »
Floristic zone u (austral and/or antarctic)
Altitudinal level  
Status natural range
Floristic zone r (tropical)
Altitudinal level  
Status natural range
Floristic zone o (subtropical)
Altitudinal level  
Status natural range
Floristic zone m (meridional)
Altitudinal level  
Status natural range
Floristic zone e (submeridional)
Altitudinal level  
Status natural range
Number of inhabited floristic zones »
Number of inhabited floristic zones 5
Floristic region »
Floristic region c (circumpolar)
Continent of floristic region: c (circumpolar)
Status natural range
Floristic region oa (Eastern Asia)
Continent of floristic region: a (Asien)
Status natural range
Floristic region om (Eastern America)
Continent of floristic region: m (Amerika)
Status natural range
 
group of traits: Hemeroby »
Hemeroby »
Hemeroby b (b-euhemerobic)
Hemeroby c (a-euhemerobic)
Number of hemerobic levels »
Number of hemerobic levels 2
 
group of traits: Urbanity »
Urbanity »
Urbanity 3 (urbanoneutral)
 
group of traits: Habitats »
Habitat »
Habitat T9.1.1.2 (null)
Alliance: Digitario-Setarion
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation  
 
group of traits: Sociology »
Class »
English circumscription 06.6 (Chickweed and other field weed communities)
Class: Stellarietea mediae
 
 
groups of traits for this species
Status »
Chromosome number »
DNA content »
Phylogeny »
Morphology »
Leaf traits »
Flowering phenology »
Floral and reproductive biology »
Seed traits »
Ecological strategy »
Range »
Hemeroby »
Urbanity »
Habitats »
Sociology »


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