species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
Securigera varia (L.) Lassen |
Fabaceae » |
Bunte Kronwicke
|
reference |
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
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|
Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
Securigera varia (L.) Lassen |
accepted |
Coronilla varia L. |
Basionym |
|
Chromosome number » |
Basic chromosome number |
8 |
Chromosome number 2n |
16 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
False |
Most common chromosome race |
False |
Ploidy level |
2 (diploid) |
Ploidy type |
D (diploid with haploid basic number) |
Reference |
Goldblatt, P., Johnson, D.E. 1998: Index to plant chromosome numbers 1994-1995. Monographs in Systematic Botany 69:1-208 |
Basic chromosome number |
6 |
Chromosome number 2n |
24 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
False |
Most common chromosome race |
False |
Ploidy level |
4 (tetraploid) |
Ploidy type |
P (polyploid with haploid basic number) |
Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
|
Life form » |
Life form |
H (Hemicryptophyte) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Life span » |
Life span |
p (pluriennial-pollakanthic) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Vegetative propagation » |
Vegetative propagation |
ws (Root shoot) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Storage organs » |
Storage organs |
p (Pleiocorm) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Shoot metamorphoses » |
Shoot metamorphoses |
p (Pleiocorm) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Root metamorphoses » |
Root metamorphoses |
ws (Root shoot) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Rosettes » |
Rosettes |
r (Erosulate plant) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
special references:
|
Hensen, I. 1997: Life strategies of xerothermic grasslands - mechanisms of reproduction and colonization within Stipetum capillatae s.l. and Adonido-Brachypodietum pinnati. Feddes Repertorium 108:425-452
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Holm, T. 1925: On the development of buds upon roots and leaves. Annals of Botany 39:867-881
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Beijerinck, M.W. 1887: Beobachtungen und Betrachtungen über Wurzelknospen und Nebenwurzeln. Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch. , Afd. Natuurk. , Tweede Sect. 25:1-146
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Irmisch, T. 1859: Über Lathyrus tuberosus und einige andere Papilionaceen. Bot. Ztg. 17:57-63
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Rauh, W. 1937: Die Bildung von Hypokotyl- und Wurzelsprossen und ihre Bedeutung für die Wuchsformen der Pflanzen. Nova Acta Leopold. N. F. 4:395-553
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|
Flowering phenology » |
Begin of flowering (months) |
6 |
End of flowering (months) |
8 |
Duration of flowering (months) |
3 |
Number of flowering phases |
0 |
Symphenological Groups » |
Phenological group |
7 (Ligustrum-Stachys sylvatica-Phase) Phenological season: end of early summer |
Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
Type of reproduction » |
Type of reproduction |
ssv (mostly by seed, rarely vegetatively) |
Reference |
Klimes, L. & Klimesova, J. 1997: CLOPLA1, (CLOnal PLAnts, version 1) a database of clonal plants. http://www.butbn.cas.cz/klimes/clopla.htm |
Type of seed production » |
Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
Reference |
McGregor, S.E. 1976: Insect pollination of cultivated crop plants. USDA, updated regularly at http://gears.tucson.ars.ag.gov/book/ |
Dicliny » |
Dicliny |
so (hermaphroditic) |
Abundance |
always [1] |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Dichogamy » |
Dichogamy |
h (homogamous) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility » |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
I+ (± self-incompatibel) |
Reference |
McGregor, S.E. 1976: Insect pollination of cultivated crop plants. USDA, updated regularly at http://gears.tucson.ars.ag.gov/book/ |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
SI mechanism » |
SI mechanism |
GSI (gametophytic self-incompatibility) |
Reference |
de Nettancourt, D. 1977: Incompatibility in angiosperms. Springer, Berlin |
Pollen vector » |
Pollen vector |
in (insects) Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung) |
Abundance |
the rule [2] |
Reference |
McGregor, S.E. 1976: Insect pollination of cultivated crop plants. USDA, updated regularly at http://gears.tucson.ars.ag.gov/book/ |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
Breeding system » |
Breeding system |
X (allogamous) |
Reference |
McGregor, S.E. 1976: Insect pollination of cultivated crop plants. USDA, updated regularly at http://gears.tucson.ars.ag.gov/book/ |
Floral rewards » |
Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Amount of floral reward |
3 (present) |
Flower color » |
Flower colour |
white, reddish and violet |
Basic flower colour |
w (white) |
Reference |
Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
UV reflection of the flower » |
UV reflection in the periphery of the flower |
1 (0-7 %) |
UV reflection in the centre of the flower |
1 (0-7 %) |
UV reflection pattern |
0 (no UV reflectance patterns) |
Flower class after MUELLER » |
Flower class after MUELLER |
H (hymenoptere flowers) Typical pollinators: hymenopteres |
Flower type after KUGLER » |
Flower type after KUGLER |
6.1c (flag blossom, Fabaceae type, brush mechanism) |
|
Fruit type » |
Fruit type |
BrF (lomentum) |
Diaspore type » |
Diaspore type |
TF (mericarp) |
Germinule type » |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Germinule type |
S (seed) |
Information available |
True |
Development of nutritious appendages |
|
Development of flat appendages |
|
Development of elongated appendages |
|
Development of additional appendages |
|
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Germinule type |
TF (mericarp) |
Information available |
True |
Development of nutritious appendages |
|
Development of flat appendages |
|
Development of elongated appendages |
sometimes [2] |
Development of additional appendages |
|
Weights » |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
3.3 |
Weight (mean) [mg] |
3.5 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
3.6 |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
TF (mericarp) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
4.4 |
Weight (mean) [mg] |
4.8 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
5.2 |
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
TF (mericarp) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
4.4 |
Weight (mean) [mg] |
4.8 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
5.2 |
Sizes » |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
2.7 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
3.7 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
5.0 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.0 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
1.4 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
2.0 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.8 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
1.1 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.5 |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
TF (mericarp) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
4.0 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
6.0 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
8.0 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.0 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
2.0 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
3.0 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
1.0 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
2.0 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
3.0 |
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
TF (mericarp) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
4.0 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
6.0 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
8.0 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.0 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
2.0 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
3.0 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
1.0 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
2.0 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
3.0 |
|
Grassland utilization indicator values » |
Occurrence |
W (forest edges and related ecotones) |
Guild |
Lk (herbaceous legume) |
Mowing tolerance |
3 (sensitive to mowing) |
Grazing tolerance |
7 (well tolerant to grazing) |
Trampling tolerance |
3 (sensitive to trampling) |
Foraging value |
1 (poisonous for livestock (and humans)) |
Foraging value for deer |
|
|
Habitat » |
Habitat |
T10.3.4.2 (null) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T10.5.4 (null) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T6.2.2.2.3 (null) Alliance: Bromion erecti
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T7.5.2 (null) Alliance: Agropyretalia repentis
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T8.1.2 (null) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T8.2.2.5 (null) Alliance: Onopordion acanthii
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
|
Class » |
English circumscription |
05.3 (Fescue-brome communities of dry and semi-dry grasslands) Class: Festuco-Brometea
|
English circumscription |
06.5 (Eusiberian ruderal mugwort and thistles communities, and couch-grasslands) Class: Artemisietea vulgaris
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English circumscription |
07.1 (Thermophilous and mesophilous forest grassland ecotones) Class: Trifolio-Geranietea sanguinei
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