| species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
| BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
| Circaea lutetiana L. |
Onagraceae » |
Gewöhnliches Hexenkraut
|
| reference |
|
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
|
|
| Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
| Circaea lutetiana L. |
accepted |
|
| Flowering phenology » |
| Begin of flowering (months) |
6 |
| End of flowering (months) |
8 |
| Duration of flowering (months) |
3 |
| Number of flowering phases |
0 |
| Symphenological Groups » |
| Phenological group |
8 (Clematis vitalba-Galium sylvaticum-Phase)
Phenological season: midsummer |
| Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
| Type of reproduction » |
| Type of reproduction |
sv (by seed and vegetatively) |
| Reference |
Verburg, R., Maas, J., During, H.J. 2000: Clonal diversity in differently-aged populations of the pseudo-annual clonal plant Circaea lutetiana L.. Plant Biology 2:646-652 |
| Type of seed production » |
| Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
| Reference |
Verburg, R., Maas, J., During, H.J. 2000: Clonal diversity in differently-aged populations of the pseudo-annual clonal plant Circaea lutetiana L.. Plant Biology 2:646-652 |
| Dicliny » |
| Dicliny |
so (hermaphroditic) |
| Abundance |
always [1] |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Dichogamy » |
| Dichogamy |
h (homogamous) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Self-sterility and self-incompatibility » |
| Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
SC (self-compatibel) |
| Reference |
Raven, P.H. 1963: Circaea in the British Isles. Watsonia 5:262-272 |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Pollen vector » |
| Pollen vector |
se (selfing)
Pollen vector group: se (Selbstbestäubung) |
| Abundance |
rare [4] |
| Reference |
Raven, P.H. 1963: Circaea in the British Isles. Watsonia 5:262-272 |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Pollen vector |
in (insects)
Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung) |
| Abundance |
the rule [2] |
| Reference |
Raven, P.H. 1963: Circaea in the British Isles. Watsonia 5:262-272 |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Breeding system » |
| Breeding system |
AFXF (mixed mating) |
| Reference |
Anmerkung 2002: vgl. Klassifizierungsschema Abb. |
| Floral rewards » |
| Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
| Reference |
Raven, P.H. 1963: Circaea in the British Isles. Watsonia 5:262-272 |
| Amount of floral reward |
3 (present) |
| Flower color » |
| Flower colour |
white |
| Basic flower colour |
w (white) |
| Reference |
Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
| UV reflection of the flower » |
| UV reflection in the periphery of the flower |
2 (8-15 %) |
| UV reflection in the centre of the flower |
2 (8-15 %) |
| UV reflection pattern |
0 (no UV reflectance patterns) |
| UV reflection in the periphery of the flower |
3 (16-27 %) |
| UV reflection in the centre of the flower |
1 (0-7 %) |
| UV reflection pattern |
1 (UV reflectance pattern present) |
| Flower class after MUELLER » |
| Flower class after MUELLER |
Ds (syrphid flowers)
Typical pollinators: syrphids |
| Flower type after KUGLER » |
| Flower type after KUGLER |
5.6 (lip flowers, Verbascum type) |
|
| Fruit type » |
| Fruit type |
Nu (nut) |
| Diaspore type » |
| Diaspore type |
F (fruit) |
| Germinule type » |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Germinule type |
F (fruit) |
| Information available |
True |
| Development of nutritious appendages |
|
| Development of flat appendages |
|
| Development of elongated appendages |
always [1] |
| Development of additional appendages |
|
| Weights » |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
F (fruit) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Weight (minimum) [mg] |
|
| Weight (mean) [mg] |
2.0 |
| Weight (maximum) [mg] |
|
| Measured object |
Diaspore |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
F (fruit) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Weight (minimum) [mg] |
|
| Weight (mean) [mg] |
2.0 |
| Weight (maximum) [mg] |
|
| Sizes » |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
F (fruit) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
6.0 |
| Length (mean) [mm] |
9.0 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
12.0 |
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
2.0 |
| Width (mean) [mm] |
2.3 |
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
2.3 |
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.8 |
| Height (mean) [mm] |
1.1 |
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.3 |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
F (fruit) |
| Constraint |
True |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
3.0 |
| Length (mean) [mm] |
3.3 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
4.0 |
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
2.0 |
| Width (mean) [mm] |
2.3 |
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
2.3 |
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.8 |
| Height (mean) [mm] |
1.1 |
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.3 |
| Measured object |
Diaspore |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
F (fruit) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
6.0 |
| Length (mean) [mm] |
9.0 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
12.0 |
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
2.0 |
| Width (mean) [mm] |
2.3 |
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
2.3 |
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.8 |
| Height (mean) [mm] |
1.1 |
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.3 |
| special references:
|
| Grime, J.P., Hodgson, J.G., Hunt, R. 1988: Comparative Plant Ecology. Unwin Hyman, London (Gattung)
|
| Raven, P.H. 1963: Circaea in the British Isles. Watsonia 5:262-272 (Gattung)
|
| Anderberg, A.L. 1994: Atlas of seeds and small fruits of Northwest-European plant species with morphological descriptions. - Part 4 (Resedaceae - Umbelliferae). Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm (Gattung)
|
| Beijerink, W. 1947: Zadenatlas der Nederlandsche Flora. Biol. Stat. Wijster, Wageningen (Gattung)
|
|
| Habitat » |
| Habitat |
L5.2.3 (null)
Alliance: Alno-Ulmion p.p.
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T1.1.1 (null)
Alliance: Fagion sylvaticae
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
feucht |
| Habitat |
T8.2.1.2 (null)
Alliance: Galio-Alliarion
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
|
| Class » |
| English circumscription |
07.5 (Nitrophilous tall herb communities)
Class: Galio-Urticetea dioicae
|
| English circumscription |
09.5 (Blackthorn and buckthorn shrubs)
Class: Rhamno-Prunetea spinosae
|
| English circumscription |
10.2 (Mesophilous, summer-green deciduous forests)
Class: Carpino-Fagetea
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