| species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
| BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
| Campanula rapunculoides L. |
Campanulaceae » |
Acker-Glockenblume
|
| reference |
|
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
|
|
| Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
| Campanula rapunculoides L. |
accepted |
| Campanula rapunculoides f. glabra Peterm. |
Synonym |
|
| Chromosome number » |
| Basic chromosome number |
17 |
| Chromosome number 2n |
68 |
| Chromosome number (Germany) |
False |
| Most common chromosome race |
False |
| Ploidy level |
4 (tetraploid) |
| Ploidy type |
R (palaeopolyploid; polyploid basic number) |
| Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
| Basic chromosome number |
17 |
| Chromosome number 2n |
102 |
| Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
| Most common chromosome race |
False |
| Ploidy level |
6 (hexaploid) |
| Ploidy type |
R (palaeopolyploid; polyploid basic number) |
| Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
|
| Flowering phenology » |
| Begin of flowering (months) |
6 |
| End of flowering (months) |
9 |
| Duration of flowering (months) |
4 |
| Number of flowering phases |
0 |
| Symphenological Groups » |
| Phenological group |
8 (Clematis vitalba-Galium sylvaticum-Phase)
Phenological season: midsummer |
| Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
| Type of reproduction » |
| Type of reproduction |
sv (by seed and vegetatively) |
| Reference |
Krumbiegel, A. 2002: Morphologie der vegetativen Organe (außer Blätter). In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.) BiolFlor - Biologisch-ökologische Daten zur Flora Deutschlands, S. 1-2, Bonn |
| Type of seed production » |
| Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
| Reference |
Stephenson, A.G., Good, S.V., Vogler, D.W. 2000: Interrelationships among inbreeding depression, plasticity in the self-incompatibility system, and the breeding system of Campanula rapunculoides L. (Campanulaceae). Annals of Botany 85A:211-219 |
| Dicliny » |
| Dicliny |
so (hermaphroditic) |
| Abundance |
always [1] |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Dichogamy » |
| Dichogamy |
a2 (protandrous) |
| Reference |
Stephenson, A.G., Good, S.V., Vogler, D.W. 2000: Interrelationships among inbreeding depression, plasticity in the self-incompatibility system, and the breeding system of Campanula rapunculoides L. (Campanulaceae). Annals of Botany 85A:211-219 |
| Dichogamy |
a3 (pronounced protandrous) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Self-sterility and self-incompatibility » |
| Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
I+ (± self-incompatibel) |
| Reference |
Vogler, D.W., Stephenson, A.G. 2001: The potential for mixed mating in a self-incompatible plant. International Journal of Plant Sciences 162:801-805 |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
SI (self-incompatibel) |
| Reference |
Gadella, T.W.J. 1964: Some cytological observations in the genus Campanula. II.. Proceedings of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Ser. C. 66:270-283 |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| SI mechanism » |
| SI mechanism |
GSI (gametophytic self-incompatibility) |
| Reference |
Stephenson, A.G., Good, S.V., Vogler, D.W. 2000: Interrelationships among inbreeding depression, plasticity in the self-incompatibility system, and the breeding system of Campanula rapunculoides L. (Campanulaceae). Annals of Botany 85A:211-219 |
| Pollen vector » |
| Pollen vector |
in (insects)
Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung) |
| Abundance |
the rule [2] |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Breeding system » |
| Breeding system |
X (allogamous) |
| Reference |
Vogler, D.W., Stephenson, A.G. 2001: The potential for mixed mating in a self-incompatible plant. International Journal of Plant Sciences 162:801-805 |
| Floral rewards » |
| Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
| Reference |
Vogler, D.W., Stephenson, A.G. 2001: The potential for mixed mating in a self-incompatible plant. International Journal of Plant Sciences 162:801-805 |
| Amount of floral reward |
3 (present) |
| Flower color » |
| Flower colour |
blue violet, rarely white |
| Basic flower colour |
vi (violet) |
| Reference |
Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
| UV reflection of the flower » |
| UV reflection in the periphery of the flower |
6 (67-85 %) |
| UV reflection in the centre of the flower |
0 (unknown) |
| UV reflection pattern |
2 (unknown) |
| Flower class after MUELLER » |
| Flower class after MUELLER |
Hb (bee flowers )
Typical pollinators: bees |
| Flower type after KUGLER » |
| Flower type after KUGLER |
3.2 (bell shaped flowers with sticky pollen) |
|
| Fruit type » |
| Fruit type |
Ka (capsule) |
| Diaspore type » |
| Diaspore type |
S (seed) |
| Germinule type » |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Germinule type |
S (seed) |
| Information available |
True |
| Development of nutritious appendages |
|
| Development of flat appendages |
sometimes [2] |
| Development of elongated appendages |
|
| Development of additional appendages |
|
| Weights » |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Weight (minimum) [mg] |
0.1 |
| Weight (mean) [mg] |
0.2 |
| Weight (maximum) [mg] |
0.3 |
| Measured object |
Diaspore |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Weight (minimum) [mg] |
0.1 |
| Weight (mean) [mg] |
0.2 |
| Weight (maximum) [mg] |
0.3 |
| Sizes » |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
1.2 |
| Length (mean) [mm] |
1.5 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
1.9 |
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
0.7 |
| Width (mean) [mm] |
0.8 |
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
0.9 |
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.3 |
| Height (mean) [mm] |
0.4 |
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
0.4 |
| Measured object |
Diaspore |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
1.2 |
| Length (mean) [mm] |
1.5 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
1.9 |
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
0.7 |
| Width (mean) [mm] |
0.8 |
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
0.9 |
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.3 |
| Height (mean) [mm] |
0.4 |
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
0.4 |
| special references:
|
| Grime, J.P., Mason, G., Curtis, A.V., Rodman, J., Band, S.R., Mowforth, M.A., Neal, A.M., Shaw, S. 1981: A comparative study of germination characteristics in a local flora. Journal of Ecology 69:1017-1069 (Gattung)
|
| Thompson, K., Band, S.R., Hodgson, J.G. 1993: Seed size and shape predict persistence in soil. Functional Ecology 7:236-241 (Gattung)
|
| Grime, J.P., Hodgson, J.G., Hunt, R. 1988: Comparative Plant Ecology. Unwin Hyman, London (Gattung)
|
| Briemle, G. 1996: Farbatlas Kräuter und Gräser. Ulmer, Stuttgart (Gattung)
|
| Bakker, J.P., Bakker, E.S., Rosén, E., Verweij, G.L. 1997: The soil seed bank of undisturbed and disturbed dry limestone grassland on Öland (Sweden). Z. Ökologie Nat. sch. 6:9-18 (Gattung)
|
| Beijerink, W. 1947: Zadenatlas der Nederlandsche Flora. Biol. Stat. Wijster, Wageningen (Gattung)
|
| Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
|
| Cremer, J., Partzsch, M., Zimmermann, M., Schwär, C., Goltz, H. 1991: Acker- und Gartenwildkräuter: ein Bestimmungsbuch. . Deutscher Landwirtschaftsverlag, Berlin. (Gattung)
|
| Emig, W., Leins, P. 1996: Ausbreitungsbiologische Untersuchungen in der Gattung Campanula L. II. Die Bedeutung der Kapselmorphologie und der Samenausgestaltung für das Ausbreitungsverhalten. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik 118:505-528 (Gattung)
|
| Hanf, M. 1984: Ackerunkräuter Europas mit ihren Keimlingen und Samen. . BLV Verlagsgesellschaft, München, Wien, Zürich. (Gattung)
|
| Luftensteiner, H.W. 1982: Untersuchungen zur Verbreitungssbiologie von Pflanzengemeinschaften an vier Standorten in Niederösterreich. Bibliotheca Botanica 135:1-68 (Gattung)
|
| Vogler, P. 1901: Ueber die Verbreitungsmittel der schweizerischen Alpenpflanzen. Flora 89 (Ergänzungsband zum Jg.1901):1-137 (Gattung)
|
|
| Habitat » |
| Habitat |
T1.1.2.4 (null)
Alliance: Quercetalia pubescentis
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T1.4.1.3 (null)
Alliance: Erico-Pinion
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T2.1.2.1.1 (null)
Alliance: Berberidion
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T8.1.1 (null)
Alliance: Geranion sanguini
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
|
| Class » |
| English circumscription |
04.1 (Communities of cracks in rocks and walls)
Class: Asplenietea trichomanis
|
| English circumscription |
06.6 (Chickweed and other field weed communities)
Class: Stellarietea mediae
|
| English circumscription |
07.1 (Thermophilous and mesophilous forest grassland ecotones)
Class: Trifolio-Geranietea sanguinei
|
| English circumscription |
09.5 (Blackthorn and buckthorn shrubs)
Class: Rhamno-Prunetea spinosae
|
| English circumscription |
10.2 (Mesophilous, summer-green deciduous forests)
Class: Carpino-Fagetea
|
| English circumscription |
10.4 (Thermophilous dry oak forests)
Class: Quercetea pubescentis-petraeae
|
| English circumscription |
10.7 (Snow-heather pine-forests)
Class: Erico-Pinetea
|
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