species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
Erica tetralix L. |
Ericaceae » |
Glocken-Heide
|
reference |
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
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Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
Erica tetralix L. |
accepted |
|
Flowering phenology » |
Begin of flowering (months) |
6 |
End of flowering (months) |
9 |
Duration of flowering (months) |
4 |
Number of flowering phases |
0 |
Symphenological Groups » |
Phenological group |
7 (Ligustrum-Stachys sylvatica-Phase) Phenological season: end of early summer |
Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
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Type of reproduction » |
Type of reproduction |
sv (by seed and vegetatively) |
Reference |
Bannister, P. 1966: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Erica tetralix L.. Journal of Ecology 54:795-813 |
Type of seed production » |
Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
Reference |
Bannister, P. 1966: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Erica tetralix L.. Journal of Ecology 54:795-813 |
Dicliny » |
Dicliny |
so (hermaphroditic) |
Abundance |
always [1] |
Reference |
Bannister, P. 1966: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Erica tetralix L.. Journal of Ecology 54:795-813 |
Dichogamy » |
Dichogamy |
a1 (slightly protandrous) |
Reference |
Bannister, P. 1966: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Erica tetralix L.. Journal of Ecology 54:795-813 |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility » |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
SC (self-compatibel) |
Reference |
East, E.M. 1940: The distribution of self-sterility in the flowering plants. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 82:449-518 |
Systematic reference |
genus [G] |
Pollen vector » |
Pollen vector |
se (selfing) Pollen vector group: se (Selbstbestäubung) |
Abundance |
often [3] |
Reference |
Bannister, P. 1966: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Erica tetralix L.. Journal of Ecology 54:795-813 |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
Pollen vector |
in (insects) Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung) |
Abundance |
often [3] |
Reference |
Bannister, P. 1966: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Erica tetralix L.. Journal of Ecology 54:795-813 |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
Breeding system » |
Breeding system |
AF (facultative autogamous) |
Reference |
Fryxell, P.M. 1957: Modes of reproduction of higher plants. The Botanical Review 23:135-233 |
Floral rewards » |
Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
Reference |
Bannister, P. 1966: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Erica tetralix L.. Journal of Ecology 54:795-813 |
Amount of floral reward |
4 (plenty) |
Flower color » |
Flower colour |
flesh pink |
Basic flower colour |
r (red) |
Reference |
Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
UV reflection of the flower » |
UV reflection in the periphery of the flower |
2 (8-15 %) |
UV reflection in the centre of the flower |
0 (unknown) |
UV reflection pattern |
2 (unknown) |
Flower class after MUELLER » |
Flower class after MUELLER |
Hb (bee flowers ) Typical pollinators: bees |
Flower type after KUGLER » |
Flower type after KUGLER |
3.1 (bell shaped flowers with powdery pollen) |
|
Fruit type » |
Fruit type |
Ka (capsule) |
Diaspore type » |
Diaspore type |
S (seed) |
Germinule type » |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Germinule type |
S (seed) |
Information available |
True |
Development of nutritious appendages |
|
Development of flat appendages |
|
Development of elongated appendages |
|
Development of additional appendages |
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Weights » |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
0.0 |
Weight (mean) [mg] |
0.0 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
0.0 |
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
0.0 |
Weight (mean) [mg] |
0.0 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
0.0 |
Sizes » |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
0.3 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
0.4 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
0.5 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
0.2 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
0.3 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
0.3 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.2 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
0.2 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
0.2 |
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
0.3 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
0.4 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
0.5 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
0.2 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
0.3 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
0.3 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.2 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
0.2 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
0.2 |
special references:
|
Grime, J.P., Mason, G., Curtis, A.V., Rodman, J., Band, S.R., Mowforth, M.A., Neal, A.M., Shaw, S. 1981: A comparative study of germination characteristics in a local flora. Journal of Ecology 69:1017-1069 (Gattung)
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Grime, J.P., Hodgson, J.G., Hunt, R. 1988: Comparative Plant Ecology. Unwin Hyman, London (Gattung)
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Bannister, P. 1965: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Erica cinerea L.. Journal of Ecology 53:527-542 (Gattung)
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Beijerink, W. 1947: Zadenatlas der Nederlandsche Flora. Biol. Stat. Wijster, Wageningen (Gattung)
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Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
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Luftensteiner, H.W. 1982: Untersuchungen zur Verbreitungssbiologie von Pflanzengemeinschaften an vier Standorten in Niederösterreich. Bibliotheca Botanica 135:1-68 (Gattung)
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Schütt, P., Schuch, H.J., Aas, G., Lang, U.M. 1994: Enzyklopädie der Holzgewächse. Handbuch und Atlas der Dendrologie. Landsberg am Lech (Gattung)
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Strykstra, R.J. 1997: Seed dispersal in a Dutch grassland reserve. . Univesity of Ulster, Coleraine. (Gattung)
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Grassland utilization indicator values » |
Occurrence |
N (fallow lands) |
Guild |
K (forb) |
Mowing tolerance |
2 (between 1 and 3 (intolerant to sensitive to mowing)) |
Grazing tolerance |
4 (between 3 and 5 (sensitive to moderately tolerant to grazing)) |
Trampling tolerance |
4 (between 3 and 5 (sensitive to moderately tolerant to trampling)) |
Foraging value |
2 (no or little forage value) |
Foraging value for deer |
2 (no or little forage value) |
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Habitat » |
Habitat |
S2.3 (null) Alliance: Ericion tetralicis
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Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
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Class » |
English circumscription |
02.3 (Vaccinium Oxycoccus - Sphagnum mires) Class: Oxycocco-Sphagnetea
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English circumscription |
08.4 (Heather and gorse heathlands) Class: Calluno-Ulicetea
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