species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
Asarum europaeum L. |
Aristolochiaceae » |
Gewöhnliche Haselwurz
|
reference |
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
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|
Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
Asarum europaeum L. |
accepted |
|
Chromosome number » |
Basic chromosome number |
13 |
Chromosome number 2n |
40 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
Most common chromosome race |
False |
Ploidy level |
|
Ploidy type |
R (palaeopolyploid; polyploid basic number) |
Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
Basic chromosome number |
13 |
Chromosome number 2n |
26 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
Most common chromosome race |
False |
Ploidy level |
2 (diploid) |
Ploidy type |
R (palaeopolyploid; polyploid basic number) |
Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
|
Life form » |
Life form |
H (Hemicryptophyte) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Life span » |
Life span |
p (pluriennial-pollakanthic) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Vegetative propagation » |
Vegetative propagation |
rh (Rhizome) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Storage organs » |
Storage organs |
rh (Rhizome) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Shoot metamorphoses » |
Shoot metamorphoses |
rh (Rhizome) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Rosettes » |
Rosettes |
r (Erosulate plant) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
special references:
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Lidforss, B. 1907: Wintergrüne Flora. Lunds Univ. Arsskr. N. F. , Afd. 2, Bd. 2, Nr. 13:1-76
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Serebrjakov, I.G., Serebrjakow, J.G. 1965: On the two types of the rhizome forming by perennial plants. Bjul. Mosk. obsc. ispyt. prirody, otdel biol. 70:67-81
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Lukasiewicz, A. 1962: Morfologizno-rozwojowe typy bylin (Morphologic development types of perennials). The Poznan Soc. of Friends of Science. Dept. math. -nat. Sci. Publ. Ser. Biol. (Posen) 27:1-398
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Irmisch, T. 1850: Zur Morphologie der monokotylischen Knollen- und Zwiebelgewächse. Berlin
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Flowering phenology » |
Begin of flowering (months) |
3 |
End of flowering (months) |
5 |
Duration of flowering (months) |
3 |
Number of flowering phases |
0 |
Symphenological Groups » |
Phenological group |
2 (Acer platanoides-Anemone nemorosa-Phase) Phenological season: start of early spring |
Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
Type of reproduction » |
Type of reproduction |
sv (by seed and vegetatively) |
Reference |
Krumbiegel, A. 2002: Morphologie der vegetativen Organe (außer Blätter). In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.) BiolFlor - Biologisch-ökologische Daten zur Flora Deutschlands, S. 1-2, Bonn |
Type of seed production » |
Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Dicliny » |
Dicliny |
so (hermaphroditic) |
Abundance |
always [1] |
Reference |
Kubitzki, K., Rohwer, J.G., Bittrich, V. 1993: Flowering plants. Dicotyledones. Springer, Berlin |
Dichogamy » |
Dichogamy |
g2 (protogynous) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility » |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
SC (self-compatibel) |
Reference |
Thien, L.B., Azuma, H., Kawano, S. 2000: New perspectives on the pollination biology of basal angiosperms. International Journal of Plant Sciences 161:S225-S235 |
Systematic reference |
genus [G] |
Pollen vector » |
Pollen vector |
se (selfing) Pollen vector group: se (Selbstbestäubung) |
Abundance |
the rule [2] |
Reference |
Daumann, E. 1972: Tier-, Wind- und Wasserblütigkeit in der tschechoslowakischen Flora. II. Dicotyledonen. Angiospermen zusammenfassend. Preslia (Praha) 44:28-36 |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
Breeding system » |
Breeding system |
AO (autogamous) |
Reference |
Bengt, J. (Hrsg.) 2000: Flora Nordica 1. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm |
Floral rewards » |
Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
Reference |
Daumann, E. 1972: Die Braune Haselwurz (Asarum europaeum L.), ein obligater Selbstbestäuber. Preslia (Praha) 44:24-27 |
Amount of floral reward |
1 (none) |
Flower color » |
Flower colour |
brown purple |
Basic flower colour |
br (brown) |
Reference |
Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
UV reflection of the flower » |
UV reflection in the periphery of the flower |
2 (8-15 %) |
UV reflection in the centre of the flower |
0 (unknown) |
UV reflection pattern |
2 (unknown) |
Flower class after MUELLER » |
Flower class after MUELLER |
Dke (trap flowers) Typical pollinators: very small dipteres |
Flower type after KUGLER » |
Flower type after KUGLER |
3.2 (bell shaped flowers with sticky pollen) |
|
Fruit type » |
Fruit type |
Ka (capsule) |
Diaspore type » |
Diaspore type |
S (seed) |
Germinule type » |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Germinule type |
S (seed) |
Information available |
True |
Development of nutritious appendages |
always [1] |
Development of flat appendages |
|
Development of elongated appendages |
|
Development of additional appendages |
|
Weights » |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
Constraint |
True |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
|
Weight (mean) [mg] |
4.3 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
|
Sizes » |
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
2.8 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
3.8 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
4.5 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.8 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
2.0 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
2.3 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.9 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
1.4 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.7 |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
2.8 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
3.8 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
4.5 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.8 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
2.0 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
2.3 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.9 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
1.4 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.7 |
special references:
|
Beijerink, W. 1947: Zadenatlas der Nederlandsche Flora. Biol. Stat. Wijster, Wageningen (Gattung)
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Berggren, G. 1981: Atlas of seeds and small fruits of Northwest-European plant species with morphological descriptions. - Part 3 (Salicaceae-Cruciferaceae). Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm (Gattung)
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Bresinsky, A. 1963: Bau, Entwicklungsgeschichte und Inhaltsstoffe der Elaiosomen. Studien zur myrmekochoren Verbreitung von Samen und Früchten. Bibliotheca Botanica Vol. 126. (Gattung)
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Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
|
Huber, H. 1985: Samenmerkmale und Gliederung der Aristolochiaceen. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik 107:227-320 (Gattung)
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Habitat » |
Habitat |
L5.2.3 (null) Alliance: Alno-Ulmion p.p.
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T1.1.1.3 (null) Alliance: Galio odorati-Fagenion
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T1.1.1.4 (null) Alliance: Cephalanthero-Fagenion
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
|
Class » |
English circumscription |
09.5 (Blackthorn and buckthorn shrubs) Class: Rhamno-Prunetea spinosae
|
English circumscription |
10.2 (Mesophilous, summer-green deciduous forests) Class: Carpino-Fagetea
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English circumscription |
10.4 (Thermophilous dry oak forests) Class: Quercetea pubescentis-petraeae
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