species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
Tripleurospermum maritimum (L.) W. D. J. Koch |
Asteraceae » |
Küsten-Kamille
|
reference |
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
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Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
Tripleurospermum maritimum (L.) W. D. J. Koch |
accepted |
Chrysanthemum maritimum (L.) Pers. |
Synonym |
Matricaria maritima L. |
Basionym |
Matricaria maritima subsp. maritima |
Synonym |
<Tripleurospermum maritimum agg. |
accepted |
<Matricaria maritima L., s. l. |
Synonym |
|
Chromosome number » |
Basic chromosome number |
9 |
Chromosome number 2n |
18 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
Most common chromosome race |
False |
Ploidy level |
2 (diploid) |
Ploidy type |
D (diploid with haploid basic number) |
Reference |
Albers, F. 1998: Chromosomenzahlen der Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands. In: Wisskirchen, R., Haeupler, H. (Hrsg.) Standardliste der Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands, S. 562-616, Ulmer, Stuttgart |
Basic chromosome number |
9 |
Chromosome number 2n |
36 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
Most common chromosome race |
False |
Ploidy level |
4 (tetraploid) |
Ploidy type |
P (polyploid with haploid basic number) |
Reference |
Albers, F. 1998: Chromosomenzahlen der Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands. In: Wisskirchen, R., Haeupler, H. (Hrsg.) Standardliste der Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands, S. 562-616, Ulmer, Stuttgart |
|
DNA content » |
DNA content (pg/2C) |
5.3 |
Chromosome number |
18 |
Quality |
chromosome number known and occurring in Germany [b] |
Authorised in BENNET & LEITCH 2001 |
True |
Reference |
Bennett, M.D., Smith, J.S. 1976: Nuclear DNA amounts in angiosperms. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London B 274:227-274 |
|
Flowering phenology » |
Begin of flowering (months) |
6 |
End of flowering (months) |
10 |
Duration of flowering (months) |
5 |
Number of flowering phases |
0 |
Symphenological Groups » |
Phenological group |
7 (Ligustrum-Stachys sylvatica-Phase) Phenological season: end of early summer |
Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
Type of reproduction » |
Type of reproduction |
s (by seed/by spore) |
Reference |
Kay, Q.O.N. 1994: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Tripleurospermum inodorum (L.) Schultz Bip. (Matricaria inodora L., Matricaria maritima auct. p.p. non L., Matricaria perforata Mérat, Tripleurospermum perforatum (Mérat) Wagenitz, Tripleurospermum maritimum (L.. Journal of Ecology 82:681-697 |
Type of seed production » |
Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
Reference |
Kay, Q.O.N. 1994: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Tripleurospermum inodorum (L.) Schultz Bip. (Matricaria inodora L., Matricaria maritima auct. p.p. non L., Matricaria perforata Mérat, Tripleurospermum perforatum (Mérat) Wagenitz, Tripleurospermum maritimum (L.. Journal of Ecology 82:681-697 |
Dicliny » |
Dicliny |
so (hermaphroditic) |
Abundance |
always [1] |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Dicliny |
gm (gynomonoecious) |
Abundance |
always [1] |
Reference |
Kay, Q.O.N. 1994: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Tripleurospermum inodorum (L.) Schultz Bip. (Matricaria inodora L., Matricaria maritima auct. p.p. non L., Matricaria perforata Mérat, Tripleurospermum perforatum (Mérat) Wagenitz, Tripleurospermum maritimum (L.. Journal of Ecology 82:681-697 |
Dichogamy » |
Dichogamy |
a2 (protandrous) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility » |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
SI (self-incompatibel) |
Reference |
Kay, Q.O.N. 1994: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Tripleurospermum inodorum (L.) Schultz Bip. (Matricaria inodora L., Matricaria maritima auct. p.p. non L., Matricaria perforata Mérat, Tripleurospermum perforatum (Mérat) Wagenitz, Tripleurospermum maritimum (L.. Journal of Ecology 82:681-697 |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
SI mechanism » |
SI mechanism |
SSI (sporophytic self-incompatibility) |
Reference |
Kay, Q.O.N. 1994: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Tripleurospermum inodorum (L.) Schultz Bip. (Matricaria inodora L., Matricaria maritima auct. p.p. non L., Matricaria perforata Mérat, Tripleurospermum perforatum (Mérat) Wagenitz, Tripleurospermum maritimum (L.. Journal of Ecology 82:681-697 |
Pollen vector » |
Pollen vector |
in (insects) Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung) |
Abundance |
the rule [2] |
Reference |
Kay, Q.O.N. 1994: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Tripleurospermum inodorum (L.) Schultz Bip. (Matricaria inodora L., Matricaria maritima auct. p.p. non L., Matricaria perforata Mérat, Tripleurospermum perforatum (Mérat) Wagenitz, Tripleurospermum maritimum (L.. Journal of Ecology 82:681-697 |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
Breeding system » |
Breeding system |
X (allogamous) |
Reference |
Anmerkung 2002: xenogam, da SI |
Floral rewards » |
Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Amount of floral reward |
2 (little) |
Flower color » |
Flower colour |
white and yellow |
Basic flower colour |
w (white) |
Reference |
Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
Flower class after MUELLER » |
Flower class after MUELLER |
B` (flower associations with totally hidden nectar) Typical pollinators: bees, bumble bees, wasps, bombylides, syrphids |
Flower type after KUGLER » |
Flower type after KUGLER |
7.2c (flower heads, Asteraceae, ray and disk flowers) |
|
Fruit type » |
Fruit type |
Nu (nut) |
Diaspore type » |
Diaspore type |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
Germinule type » |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Germinule type |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
Information available |
True |
Development of nutritious appendages |
|
Development of flat appendages |
sometimes [2] |
Development of elongated appendages |
|
Development of additional appendages |
|
Weights » |
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
0.3 |
Weight (mean) [mg] |
0.3 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
0.4 |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
0.3 |
Weight (mean) [mg] |
0.3 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
0.4 |
Sizes » |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
1.5 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
2.0 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
2.4 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
0.7 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
1.0 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
1.4 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.4 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
0.8 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.1 |
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
1.5 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
2.0 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
2.4 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
0.7 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
1.0 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
1.4 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.4 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
0.8 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.1 |
special references:
|
Grime, J.P., Mason, G., Curtis, A.V., Rodman, J., Band, S.R., Mowforth, M.A., Neal, A.M., Shaw, S. 1981: A comparative study of germination characteristics in a local flora. Journal of Ecology 69:1017-1069 (Gattung)
|
Grime, J.P., Hodgson, J.G., Hunt, R. 1988: Comparative Plant Ecology. Unwin Hyman, London (Gattung)
|
Kay, Q.O.N. 1994: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Tripleurospermum inodorum (L.) Schultz Bip. (Matricaria inodora L., Matricaria maritima auct. p.p. non L., Matricaria perforata Mérat, Tripleurospermum perforatum (Mérat) Wagenitz, Tripleurospermum maritimum (L.. Journal of Ecology 82:681-697 (Gattung)
|
Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
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Cremer, J., Partzsch, M., Zimmermann, M., Schwär, C., Goltz, H. 1991: Acker- und Gartenwildkräuter: ein Bestimmungsbuch. . Deutscher Landwirtschaftsverlag, Berlin. (Gattung)
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Frey, W., Hauser, A. 1996: Onopordetum acanthii (Eselsdistel-Gesellschaft) im mittleren und unteren Unstruttal - Lebensstrategien in einer wärmeliebenden Ruderalgesellschaft. Hausknechtia, Beiheft 6:1-84 (Gattung)
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Hanf, M. 1984: Ackerunkräuter Europas mit ihren Keimlingen und Samen. . BLV Verlagsgesellschaft, München, Wien, Zürich. (Gattung)
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Kynclova, M. 1970: Comperative morphology of achenes of the Tribe Anthemideae Cass. (family Asteraceae) and ist taxonomic significance. Preslia (Praha) 42:35-53 (Gattung)
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Heinisch, O. 1955: Samenatlas der wichtigsten Futterpflanzen und ihrer Unkräuter. Deutsche Akad. Landwirtsch.-Wiss., Berlin (Gattung)
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Habitat » |
Habitat |
H1.2.2.2 (null) Alliance: Atriplicion littoralis
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Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
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Class » |
English circumscription |
03.6 (Haline grasslands) Class: Asteretea tripolii
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English circumscription |
06.1 (Sea rocket and seaweed strandline and shingle communities) Class: Cakiletea maritimae
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English circumscription |
06.6 (Chickweed and other field weed communities) Class: Stellarietea mediae
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