species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
Medicago falcata L. s. str. |
Fabaceae » |
Sichelklee
|
reference |
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
|
|
Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
Medicago falcata L. |
accepted |
Medicago sativa subsp. falcata (L.) Arcang. |
Synonym |
<Medicago sativa agg. |
accepted |
<Medicago sativa L., s. l. |
Synonym |
|
Chromosome number » |
Basic chromosome number |
8 |
Chromosome number 2n |
32 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
Most common chromosome race |
False |
Ploidy level |
4 (tetraploid) |
Ploidy type |
P (polyploid with haploid basic number) |
Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
Basic chromosome number |
8 |
Chromosome number 2n |
16 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
Most common chromosome race |
False |
Ploidy level |
|
Ploidy type |
|
Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
|
Life form » |
Life form |
H (Hemicryptophyte) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Life span » |
Life span |
p (pluriennial-pollakanthic) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Vegetative propagation » |
Vegetative propagation |
rp (Rhizome-like pleiocorm) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Storage organs » |
Storage organs |
rp (Rhizome-like pleiocorm) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Shoot metamorphoses » |
Shoot metamorphoses |
rp (Rhizome-like pleiocorm) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Rosettes » |
Rosettes |
r (Erosulate plant) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
special references:
|
Hensen, I. 1997: Life strategies of xerothermic grasslands - mechanisms of reproduction and colonization within Stipetum capillatae s.l. and Adonido-Brachypodietum pinnati. Feddes Repertorium 108:425-452
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Gluch, W. 1967: Wuchsformstudien an zentraleuropäischen Fabaceen. I. Die Stauden der Gattung Medicago L. und Trifolium L.. Feddes Repertorium 76:221-265
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Golubev, V.N. 1957: Materialy k ekologo-morfologiceskoj i geneticeskoj charakteristikje zhizjennych form travjanistych rastenij. Botaniceskij Zhurnal 42:1055-1072
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Ebel, F., Mühlberg, H. 1987: Vergleichend-ökomorphologische Untersuchungen an Pflanzen-Taxa eines Trocken- und Feuchtbiotops. Hercynia N. F. 24:408-424
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Gluch, W. 1964: Wuchsformen und Wuchstypen einheimischer Fabaceen-Stauden.. Diss. Univ. Halle-Wittenberg
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Kutschera, L., Lichtenegger, E. 1992: Wurzelatlas mitteleuropäischer Grünlandpflanzen. Bd. 2 Pteridophyta und Dicotyledonae (Magnoliopsida). Teil I Morphologie, Anatomie, Ökologie, Verbreitung, Soziologie, Wirtschaft. Fischer, Stuttgart, Jena, New York
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Raunkiaer, C. 1934: The life forms of plants and statistical plant geography. Oxford
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|
Flowering phenology » |
Begin of flowering (months) |
6 |
End of flowering (months) |
9 |
Duration of flowering (months) |
4 |
Number of flowering phases |
0 |
Symphenological Groups » |
Phenological group |
8 (Clematis vitalba-Galium sylvaticum-Phase) Phenological season: midsummer |
Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
Type of reproduction » |
Type of reproduction |
sv (by seed and vegetatively) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Type of seed production » |
Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Dicliny » |
Dicliny |
so (hermaphroditic) |
Abundance |
always [1] |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Dichogamy » |
Dichogamy |
h (homogamous) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Pollen vector » |
Pollen vector |
in (insects) Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung) |
Abundance |
always [1] |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
P/O ratio » |
P/O ratio |
334.0 |
Reference |
Small, E. 1988: Pollen-ovule patterns in tribe Trifolieae (Leguminosae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 160:195-205 |
Floral rewards » |
Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Amount of floral reward |
3 (present) |
Flower color » |
Flower colour |
yellow |
Basic flower colour |
g (yellow) |
Reference |
Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
UV reflection of the flower » |
UV reflection in the periphery of the flower |
1 (0-7 %) |
UV reflection in the centre of the flower |
1 (0-7 %) |
UV reflection pattern |
0 (no UV reflectance patterns) |
Flower class after MUELLER » |
Flower class after MUELLER |
H (hymenoptere flowers) Typical pollinators: hymenopteres |
Flower type after KUGLER » |
Flower type after KUGLER |
6.1b (flag blossom, Fabaceae type, explosive mechanism) |
|
Fruit type » |
Fruit type |
Hü (legume) |
Diaspore type » |
Diaspore type |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
Diaspore type |
S (seed) |
Germinule type » |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Germinule type |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
Information available |
True |
Development of nutritious appendages |
|
Development of flat appendages |
|
Development of elongated appendages |
sometimes [2] |
Development of additional appendages |
|
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Germinule type |
S (seed) |
Information available |
True |
Development of nutritious appendages |
|
Development of flat appendages |
|
Development of elongated appendages |
|
Development of additional appendages |
|
Weights » |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
0.9 |
Weight (mean) [mg] |
1.5 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
1.8 |
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
0.9 |
Weight (mean) [mg] |
1.5 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
1.8 |
Sizes » |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
5.0 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
10.5 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
15.0 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
|
Width (mean) [mm] |
|
Width (maximum) [mm] |
|
Height (minimum) [mm] |
|
Height (mean) [mm] |
|
Height (maximum) [mm] |
|
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
5.0 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
10.5 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
15.0 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
|
Width (mean) [mm] |
|
Width (maximum) [mm] |
|
Height (minimum) [mm] |
|
Height (mean) [mm] |
|
Height (maximum) [mm] |
|
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
1.5 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
2.1 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
2.5 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.0 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
1.4 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
1.6 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.7 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
0.9 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.0 |
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
1.5 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
2.1 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
2.5 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.0 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
1.4 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
1.6 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.7 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
0.9 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.0 |
special references:
|
Thompson, K., Band, S.R., Hodgson, J.G. 1993: Seed size and shape predict persistence in soil. Functional Ecology 7:236-241 (Gattung)
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Grime, J.P., Hodgson, J.G., Hunt, R. 1988: Comparative Plant Ecology. Unwin Hyman, London (Gattung)
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Anderberg, A.L. 1994: Atlas of seeds and small fruits of Northwest-European plant species with morphological descriptions. - Part 4 (Resedaceae - Umbelliferae). Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm (Gattung)
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Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
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Hanf, M. 1984: Ackerunkräuter Europas mit ihren Keimlingen und Samen. . BLV Verlagsgesellschaft, München, Wien, Zürich. (Gattung)
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Heyn, C.C. 1963: The annual species of Medicago. Scripta Hierosolymitana, Publications of the Hebrew University Vol. XII. Jerusalem. (Gattung)
|
Lesins, K.A., Lesins, I. 1979: Genus Medicago (Leguminosae). A taxogenetic study. The Hague (Gattung)
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Heinisch, O. 1955: Samenatlas der wichtigsten Futterpflanzen und ihrer Unkräuter. Deutsche Akad. Landwirtsch.-Wiss., Berlin (Gattung)
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Grassland utilization indicator values » |
Occurrence |
GE (little used grasslands) |
Guild |
Lk (herbaceous legume) |
Mowing tolerance |
5 (moderately tolerant to mowing) |
Grazing tolerance |
2 (between 1 and 3 (intolerant to sensitive to grazing)) |
Trampling tolerance |
2 (between 1 and 3 (intolerant to sensitive to trampling)) |
Foraging value |
7 (high forage value) |
Foraging value for deer |
|
|
Habitat » |
Habitat |
T10.3.3.1 (null) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T6.2 (null) Alliance: Festuco-Brometea
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T7.5.2 (null) Alliance: Agropyretalia repentis
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T8.1.1 (null) Alliance: Geranion sanguini
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
|
Class » |
English circumscription |
05.3 (Fescue-brome communities of dry and semi-dry grasslands) Class: Festuco-Brometea
|
English circumscription |
05.4 (Commercially used grasslands) Class: Molinio-Arrhenatheretea
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English circumscription |
06.5 (Eusiberian ruderal mugwort and thistles communities, and couch-grasslands) Class: Artemisietea vulgaris
|
English circumscription |
07.1 (Thermophilous and mesophilous forest grassland ecotones) Class: Trifolio-Geranietea sanguinei
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