species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
Anchusa officinalis L. |
Boraginaceae » |
Gewöhnliche Ochsenzunge
|
reference |
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
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|
Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
Anchusa officinalis L. |
accepted |
Anchusa angustifolia L. |
Synonym |
Anchusa leptophylla , auct. |
Synonym |
|
Chromosome number » |
Basic chromosome number |
8 |
Chromosome number 2n |
16 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
Most common chromosome race |
False |
Ploidy level |
2 (diploid) |
Ploidy type |
D (diploid with haploid basic number) |
Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
|
Flowering phenology » |
Begin of flowering (months) |
5 |
End of flowering (months) |
8 |
Duration of flowering (months) |
4 |
Number of flowering phases |
0 |
Symphenological Groups » |
Phenological group |
7 (Ligustrum-Stachys sylvatica-Phase) Phenological season: end of early summer |
Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
Type of reproduction » |
Type of reproduction |
s (by seed/by spore) |
Reference |
Krumbiegel, A. 2002: Morphologie der vegetativen Organe (außer Blätter). In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.) BiolFlor - Biologisch-ökologische Daten zur Flora Deutschlands, S. 1-2, Bonn |
Type of seed production » |
Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Dicliny » |
Dicliny |
so (hermaphroditic) |
Abundance |
the rule [2] |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Dicliny |
gm (gynomonoecious) |
Abundance |
rare [4] |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Dicliny |
gd (gynodioecious) |
Abundance |
rare [4] |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Dichogamy » |
Dichogamy |
h (homogamous) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Heterostyly » |
Heterostyly |
d (distylous) Hetero/homostyly: e |
Reference |
Phillip, M., Schou, O. 1981: An unusual heteromorphic incompatibility system: distyly, self-incompatibility, pollen load and fecundity in Anchusa officinalis (Boraginaceae). New Phytologist 89:693-703 |
Heterostyly |
d (distylous) Hetero/homostyly: e |
Reference |
Brieger, F. 1930: Selbststerilität und Kreuzungssterilität im Pflanzenreich und Tierreich. Springer, Berlin |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility » |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
SC (self-compatibel) |
Reference |
Leach, C.R., Renfrey, A., Mayo, O. 1993: Quantitatively determined self-incompatibility. 4. Pollination and seed set in Borago officinalis. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 85:755-760 |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
SI (self-incompatibel) |
Reference |
Phillip, M., Schou, O. 1981: An unusual heteromorphic incompatibility system: distyly, self-incompatibility, pollen load and fecundity in Anchusa officinalis (Boraginaceae). New Phytologist 89:693-703 |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
SI mechanism » |
SI mechanism |
PSI (postcygotic self-incompatibility) |
Reference |
Phillip, M., Schou, O. 1981: An unusual heteromorphic incompatibility system: distyly, self-incompatibility, pollen load and fecundity in Anchusa officinalis (Boraginaceae). New Phytologist 89:693-703 |
Pollen vector » |
Pollen vector |
se (selfing) Pollen vector group: se (Selbstbestäubung) |
Abundance |
possible [5] |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
Pollen vector |
in (insects) Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung) |
Abundance |
the rule [2] |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
Breeding system » |
Breeding system |
X (allogamous) |
Reference |
Anmerkung 2002: xenogam, da SI |
Breeding system |
AFXF (mixed mating) |
Reference |
Anmerkung 2002: xenogam, da SI |
Floral rewards » |
Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Amount of floral reward |
3 (present) |
Flower color » |
Flower colour |
blue violet, gorge white |
Basic flower colour |
vi (violet) |
Reference |
Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
UV reflection of the flower » |
UV reflection in the periphery of the flower |
3 (16-27 %) |
UV reflection in the centre of the flower |
3 (16-27 %) |
UV reflection pattern |
0 (no UV reflectance patterns) |
Flower class after MUELLER » |
Flower class after MUELLER |
H (hymenoptere flowers) Typical pollinators: hymenopteres |
Flower type after KUGLER » |
Flower type after KUGLER |
4.1 (stalk disc flowers, stamina and pistil within tube) |
|
Fruit type » |
Fruit type |
BrF (lomentum) |
Diaspore type » |
Diaspore type |
TF (mericarp) |
Germinule type » |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Germinule type |
TF (mericarp) |
Information available |
True |
Development of nutritious appendages |
always [1] |
Development of flat appendages |
|
Development of elongated appendages |
|
Development of additional appendages |
|
Weights » |
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
TF (mericarp) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
|
Weight (mean) [mg] |
5.0 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
|
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
TF (mericarp) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
|
Weight (mean) [mg] |
5.0 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
|
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
TF (mericarp) |
Constraint |
True |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
3.4 |
Weight (mean) [mg] |
3.6 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
3.8 |
Sizes » |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
TF (mericarp) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
2.5 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
3.1 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
4.0 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.9 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
2.0 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
2.2 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
1.5 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
1.8 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
2.0 |
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
TF (mericarp) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
2.5 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
3.1 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
4.0 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.9 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
2.0 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
2.2 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
1.5 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
1.8 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
2.0 |
special references:
|
Beijerink, W. 1947: Zadenatlas der Nederlandsche Flora. Biol. Stat. Wijster, Wageningen (Gattung)
|
Cremer, J., Partzsch, M., Zimmermann, M., Schwär, C., Goltz, H. 1991: Acker- und Gartenwildkräuter: ein Bestimmungsbuch. . Deutscher Landwirtschaftsverlag, Berlin. (Gattung)
|
Frey, W., Hauser, A. 1996: Onopordetum acanthii (Eselsdistel-Gesellschaft) im mittleren und unteren Unstruttal - Lebensstrategien in einer wärmeliebenden Ruderalgesellschaft. Hausknechtia, Beiheft 6:1-84 (Gattung)
|
Hanf, M. 1984: Ackerunkräuter Europas mit ihren Keimlingen und Samen. . BLV Verlagsgesellschaft, München, Wien, Zürich. (Gattung)
|
Heinisch, O. 1955: Samenatlas der wichtigsten Futterpflanzen und ihrer Unkräuter. Deutsche Akad. Landwirtsch.-Wiss., Berlin (Gattung)
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Habitat » |
Habitat |
T10.3.3.1 (null) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T10.3.4.2 (null) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T8.2.2.5 (null) Alliance: Onopordion acanthii
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
|
Class » |
English circumscription |
06.4 (Annual ruderal communities) Class: Sisymbrietea officinalis
|
English circumscription |
06.5 (Eusiberian ruderal mugwort and thistles communities, and couch-grasslands) Class: Artemisietea vulgaris
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