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Overview of all traits of a species

species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status)
BiolFlor-Name family german name(s)
Linaria vulgaris Mill. Scrophulariaceae » Frauenflachs
Gewöhnliches Leinkraut
reference
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
 
Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998)
Linaria vulgaris Mill. accepted
Antirrhinum linaria L. Nomen Substitutum
 
group of traits: Status »
Floristic status »
Floristic status I (indigenous)
Evolutionary origin »
Evolutionary origin n (naturally)
Region of origin »
Region of origin 0 (not specified)
Endemism »
Endemism 0 (not specified)
Reference unbekannt
 
group of traits: Chromosome number »
Chromosome number »
Basic chromosome number 6
Chromosome number 2n 12
Chromosome number (Germany) True
Most common chromosome race False
Ploidy level 2 (diploid)
Ploidy type D (diploid with haploid basic number)
Reference Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart
 
group of traits: Phylogeny »
Phylogeny code »
Phylogeny code BBBBBBBBBABABBBBBBBABABBBB
 
group of traits: Morphology »
Life form »
Life form G (Geophyte)
Qualifier always [1]
Life span »
Life span p (pluriennial-pollakanthic)
Qualifier always [1]
Vegetative propagation »
Vegetative propagation ws (Root shoot)
Qualifier always [1]
Root metamorphoses »
Root metamorphoses ws (Root shoot)
Qualifier always [1]
Rosettes »
Rosettes r (Erosulate plant)
Qualifier always [1]
special references:
Saner, M.A., Clements, D.R., Hall, M.R., Doohan, D.J., Crompton, C.W. 1995: The biology of Canadian weeds. 104. Linaria vulgaris Mill.. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 75:525-537
Irmisch, T. 1857: Über die Keimung und Erneuerungsweise von Convolvulus sepium, C. arvensis, sowie über hypokotylische Adventivknospen bei krautigen phanerogamen Pflanzen. Bot. Ztg. 15:433-443
Asby, G. 1973: Development of root buds in Cnidium dubium and in some other herbaceous plants. Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift 68:30-40
Beijerinck, M.W. 1887: Beobachtungen und Betrachtungen über Wurzelknospen und Nebenwurzeln. Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch. , Afd. Natuurk. , Tweede Sect. 25:1-146
Wittrock, V.B. 1884: Über Wurzelsprosse bei krautigen Gewächsen, mit besonderer Rücksicht auf ihre verschiedene biologische Bedeutung. Biol. Centralbl. 17:227-232
Irmisch, T. 1850: Bemerkungen über Scrofularia nodosa L. und S. aquatica auct. (S. Erharti Stev.). Bot. Ztg. 8:168-169
Rauh, W. 1937: Die Bildung von Hypokotyl- und Wurzelsprossen und ihre Bedeutung für die Wuchsformen der Pflanzen. Nova Acta Leopold. N. F. 4:395-553
Raju, M.V., Steeves, T.A., Coupland, R.T. 1964: On the regeneration of root fragments of leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.). Weed Research 4:2-11
Kondrateva-Melvil, E.A. 1957: Shoot formation on roots in some herbaceous species. Vestn. Leningradsk. Univ. Ser. Biol. 1:21-37
 
group of traits: Leaf traits »
Leaf persistence »
Leaf persistence s (summer green)
Leaf anatomy »
Leaf anatomy m (mesomorphic)
Leaf form »
Leaf form lang (long-leaf)
 
group of traits: Flowering phenology »
Flowering phenology »
Begin of flowering (months) 6
End of flowering (months) 10
Duration of flowering (months) 5
Number of flowering phases 0
Symphenological Groups »
Phenological group 8 (Clematis vitalba-Galium sylvaticum-Phase)
Phenological season: midsummer
Reference Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560
 
group of traits: Floral and reproductive biology »
Type of reproduction »
Type of reproduction sv (by seed and vegetatively)
Reference Saner, M.A., Clements, D.R., Hall, M.R., Doohan, D.J., Crompton, C.W. 1995: The biology of Canadian weeds. 104. Linaria vulgaris Mill.. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 75:525-537
Type of seed production »
Type of seed production s (amphimictic, sexual)
Reference Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig
Dicliny »
Dicliny so (hermaphroditic)
Abundance the rule [2]
Reference Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig
Dichogamy »
Dichogamy h (homogamous)
Reference Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility »
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility SC (self-compatibel)
Reference East, E.M. 1940: The distribution of self-sterility in the flowering plants. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 82:449-518
Systematic reference species [S]
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility I+ (± self-incompatibel)
Reference Saner, M.A., Clements, D.R., Hall, M.R., Doohan, D.J., Crompton, C.W. 1995: The biology of Canadian weeds. 104. Linaria vulgaris Mill.. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 75:525-537
Systematic reference species [S]
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility SI (self-incompatibel)
Reference Brüun, H.G. 1937: Genetical notes on Linaria. II. The distribution of self-incompatibility in the genus and related genera. Hereditas 22:397-400
Systematic reference species [S]
SI mechanism »
SI mechanism GSI (gametophytic self-incompatibility)
Reference Docherty, Z. 1982: Self-incompatibility in Linaria. Heredity 49:349-352
Pollen vector »
Pollen vector in (insects)
Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung)
Abundance always [1]
Reference Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig
Systematic reference species [S]
Breeding system »
Breeding system X (allogamous)
Reference Anmerkung 2002: xenogam, da SI
P/O ratio »
P/O ratio 926.0
Reference Saner, M.A., Clements, D.R., Hall, M.R., Doohan, D.J., Crompton, C.W. 1995: The biology of Canadian weeds. 104. Linaria vulgaris Mill.. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 75:525-537
Floral rewards »
Floral rewards 1 (nectar)
Reference Saner, M.A., Clements, D.R., Hall, M.R., Doohan, D.J., Crompton, C.W. 1995: The biology of Canadian weeds. 104. Linaria vulgaris Mill.. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 75:525-537
Amount of floral reward 3 (present)
Flower color »
Flower colour light yellow, palatine orange
Basic flower colour g (yellow)
Reference Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin
UV reflection of the flower »
UV reflection in the periphery of the flower 1 (0-7 %)
UV reflection in the centre of the flower 1 (0-7 %)
UV reflection pattern 0 (no UV reflectance patterns)
Flower class after MUELLER »
Flower class after MUELLER H (hymenoptere flowers)
Typical pollinators: hymenopteres
Flower type after KUGLER »
Flower type after KUGLER 5.3 (lip flowers, mask flowers)
 
group of traits: Seed traits »
Fruit type »
Fruit type Ka (capsule)
Diaspore type »
Diaspore type S (seed)
Germinule type »
Heteromorphic type n (not heteromorphic)
Germinule type S (seed)
Information available True
Development of nutritious appendages  
Development of flat appendages always [1]
Development of elongated appendages  
Development of additional appendages  
Weights »
Measured object Germinule
Type of germinule or diaspore S (seed)
Constraint False
Heteromorphic type n (not heteromorphic)
Weight (minimum) [mg] 0.1
Weight (mean) [mg] 0.1
Weight (maximum) [mg] 0.2
Measured object Diaspore
Type of germinule or diaspore S (seed)
Constraint False
Heteromorphic type n (not heteromorphic)
Weight (minimum) [mg] 0.1
Weight (mean) [mg] 0.1
Weight (maximum) [mg] 0.2
Sizes »
Measured object Germinule
Type of germinule or diaspore S (seed)
Constraint False
Heteromorphic type n (not heteromorphic)
Length (minimum) [mm] 1.5
Length (mean) [mm] 1.9
Length (maximum) [mm] 2.1
Width (minimum) [mm] 1.5
Width (mean) [mm] 1.8
Width (maximum) [mm] 2.0
Height (minimum) [mm] 0.2
Height (mean) [mm] 0.4
Height (maximum) [mm] 0.5
Measured object Germinule
Type of germinule or diaspore S (seed)
Constraint True
Heteromorphic type n (not heteromorphic)
Length (minimum) [mm] 1.0
Length (mean) [mm] 1.0
Length (maximum) [mm] 1.1
Width (minimum) [mm]  
Width (mean) [mm] 0.5
Width (maximum) [mm]  
Height (minimum) [mm] 0.2
Height (mean) [mm] 0.4
Height (maximum) [mm] 0.5
Measured object Diaspore
Type of germinule or diaspore S (seed)
Constraint False
Heteromorphic type n (not heteromorphic)
Length (minimum) [mm] 1.5
Length (mean) [mm] 1.9
Length (maximum) [mm] 2.1
Width (minimum) [mm] 1.5
Width (mean) [mm] 1.8
Width (maximum) [mm] 2.0
Height (minimum) [mm] 0.2
Height (mean) [mm] 0.4
Height (maximum) [mm] 0.5
special references:
Grime, J.P., Hodgson, J.G., Hunt, R. 1988: Comparative Plant Ecology. Unwin Hyman, London (Gattung)
Briemle, G. 1996: Farbatlas Kräuter und Gräser. Ulmer, Stuttgart (Gattung)
Beijerink, W. 1947: Zadenatlas der Nederlandsche Flora. Biol. Stat. Wijster, Wageningen (Gattung)
Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
Hanf, M. 1984: Ackerunkräuter Europas mit ihren Keimlingen und Samen. . BLV Verlagsgesellschaft, München, Wien, Zürich. (Gattung)
 
group of traits: Ecological strategy »
Strategy type »
Strategy type csr (competitors/stress-tolerators/ruderals)
 
group of traits: Indicator values for grassland species »
Grassland utilization indicator values »
Occurrence N (fallow lands)
Guild K (forb)
Mowing tolerance 5 (moderately tolerant to mowing)
Grazing tolerance 6 (between 5 and 7 (moderately tolerant to well tolerant to grazing))
Trampling tolerance 3 (sensitive to trampling)
Foraging value 2 (no or little forage value)
Foraging value for deer  
 
group of traits: Range »
Floristic zone and altitudinal level »
Floristic zone m (meridional)
Altitudinal level  
Status natural range
Floristic zone e (submeridional)
Altitudinal level  
Status natural range
Floristic zone p (southern temperate)
Altitudinal level  
Status natural range
Floristic zone n (northern temperate)
Altitudinal level  
Status natural range
Floristic zone b (boreal)
Altitudinal level  
Status natural range
Number of inhabited floristic zones »
Number of inhabited floristic zones 4
Oceanity »
Oceanity sos (weak suboceanic)
Amplitude of Oceanity: 4
Minimum level of oceantity: extreme central continental climate
Maximum level of oceantity: extreme oceanic climate
Status natural range
Floristic region »
Floristic region e (Europe)
Continent of floristic region: e (Europa)
Status natural range
Floristic region wa (Western Asia)
Continent of floristic region: a (Asien)
Status natural range
 
group of traits: Hemeroby »
Hemeroby »
Hemeroby m (mesohemerobic)
Hemeroby b (b-euhemerobic)
Hemeroby c (a-euhemerobic)
Hemeroby p (polyhemerobic)
Number of hemerobic levels »
Number of hemerobic levels 4
 
group of traits: Urbanity »
Urbanity »
Urbanity 3 (urbanoneutral)
 
group of traits: Habitats »
Habitat »
Habitat T10.3.1 (null)
Alliance: ???
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation  
Habitat T10.3.3.1 (null)
Alliance: ???
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation  
Habitat T10.5.4 (null)
Alliance: ???
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation  
Habitat T2.2 (null)
Alliance: Epilobietea angustifolii
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation  
Habitat T5.1 (null)
Alliance: Thlaspietea rotundifolii
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation  
Habitat T6.2.1.4 (null)
Alliance: ???
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation  
Habitat T7.5.2 (null)
Alliance: Agropyretalia repentis
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation  
Habitat T9.1.2.2 (null)
Alliance: Caucalidion platycarpi
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation  
 
group of traits: Sociology »
Class »
English circumscription 06.4 (Annual ruderal communities)
Class: Sisymbrietea officinalis
English circumscription 06.5 (Eusiberian ruderal mugwort and thistles communities, and couch-grasslands)
Class: Artemisietea vulgaris
English circumscription 06.6 (Chickweed and other field weed communities)
Class: Stellarietea mediae
English circumscription 07.4 (Communities of clear-felled areas)
Class: Epilobietea angustifolii
English circumscription 09.5 (Blackthorn and buckthorn shrubs)
Class: Rhamno-Prunetea spinosae
 
 
groups of traits for this species
Status »
Chromosome number »
Phylogeny »
Morphology »
Leaf traits »
Flowering phenology »
Floral and reproductive biology »
Seed traits »
Ecological strategy »
Indicator values for grassland species »
Range »
Hemeroby »
Urbanity »
Habitats »
Sociology »


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