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Overview of all traits of a species

species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status)
BiolFlor-Name family german name(s)
Helianthus tuberosus L. s. l. Asteraceae » Erdbirne
Topinambur
reference
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
 
Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998)
Helianthus tuberosus L. accepted
Helianthus tuberosus agg. Synonym
Helianthus doronicoides , auct. Synonym
Helianthus strumosus , auct. Synonym
 
group of traits: Status »
Floristic status »
Floristic status N (neophyte)
Evolutionary origin »
Evolutionary origin u (unknown)
Region of origin »
Region of origin 0 (not specified)
Endemism »
Endemism 0 (not specified)
Reference unbekannt
Mode of introduction »
Mode of introduction VN (escaped crop and timber plant)
Mode of introduction VZ (escaped ornamental plant)
Time and region of first naturalization »
Region of naturalization D (Germany)
Time of first naturalization 1830
Region of naturalization ME (Central Europe)
Time of first naturalization 1627
Degree of naturalization »
Maximum degree of naturalization AG (agriophyte)
 
group of traits: Chromosome number »
Chromosome number »
Basic chromosome number 17
Chromosome number 2n 102
Chromosome number (Germany) False
Most common chromosome race False
Ploidy level 6 (hexaploid)
Ploidy type R (palaeopolyploid; polyploid basic number)
Reference Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart
 
group of traits: DNA content »
DNA content »
DNA content (pg/2C) 25.1
Chromosome number 102
Quality chromosome number known and occurring in Germany [b]
Authorised in BENNET & LEITCH 2001 True
Reference Bennett, M.D., Smith, J.S. 1976: Nuclear DNA amounts in angiosperms. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London B 274:227-274
 
group of traits: Phylogeny »
Phylogeny code »
Phylogeny code BBBBBBBBBABABBABBABAAABAABC
 
group of traits: Morphology »
Life form »
Life form G (Geophyte)
Qualifier always [1]
Life span »
Life span p (pluriennial-pollakanthic)
Qualifier always [1]
Vegetative propagation »
Vegetative propagation a (Runner)
Qualifier always [1]
Vegetative propagation ak (Runner with tuberous tip)
Qualifier always [1]
Storage organs »
Storage organs a (Runner)
Qualifier always [1]
Storage organs ak (Runner with tuberous tip)
Qualifier always [1]
Shoot metamorphoses »
Shoot metamorphoses a (Runner)
Qualifier always [1]
Shoot metamorphoses ak (Runner with tuberous tip)
Qualifier always [1]
Rosettes »
Rosettes r (Erosulate plant)
Qualifier always [1]
special references:
Swanton, C.J., Cavers, P.B., Clements, D.R., Moore, M.J. 1992: The biology of Canadian weeds. 101. Helianthus turberosus L.. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 72:1367-1382
Lukasiewicz, A. 1962: Morfologizno-rozwojowe typy bylin (Morphologic development types of perennials). The Poznan Soc. of Friends of Science. Dept. math. -nat. Sci. Publ. Ser. Biol. (Posen) 27:1-398
Raunkiaer, C. 1934: The life forms of plants and statistical plant geography. Oxford
Bell, A.D. 1994: Illustrierte Morphologie der Blütenpflanzen. Ulmer, Stuttgart
 
group of traits: Leaf traits »
Leaf persistence »
Leaf persistence s (summer green)
Leaf anatomy »
Leaf anatomy m (mesomorphic)
Leaf form »
Leaf form voll (full)
 
group of traits: Flowering phenology »
Flowering phenology »
Begin of flowering (months) 10
End of flowering (months) 12
Duration of flowering (months) 3
Number of flowering phases 0
Symphenological Groups »
Phenological group 8 (Clematis vitalba-Galium sylvaticum-Phase)
Phenological season: midsummer
Reference Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560
 
group of traits: Floral and reproductive biology »
Type of reproduction »
Type of reproduction vvs (mostly vegetatively, rarely by seed)
Reference Swanton, C.J., Cavers, P.B., Clements, D.R., Moore, M.J. 1992: The biology of Canadian weeds. 101. Helianthus turberosus L.. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 72:1367-1382
Type of seed production »
Type of seed production s (amphimictic, sexual)
Reference Swanton, C.J., Cavers, P.B., Clements, D.R., Moore, M.J. 1992: The biology of Canadian weeds. 101. Helianthus turberosus L.. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 72:1367-1382
Dicliny »
Dicliny so (hermaphroditic)
Abundance always [1]
Reference Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig
Dichogamy »
Dichogamy a2 (protandrous)
Reference Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility »
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility SI (self-incompatibel)
Reference East, E.M. 1940: The distribution of self-sterility in the flowering plants. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 82:449-518
Systematic reference species [S]
SI mechanism »
SI mechanism SSI (sporophytic self-incompatibility)
Reference de Nettancourt, D. 1977: Incompatibility in angiosperms. Springer, Berlin
Pollen vector »
Pollen vector in (insects)
Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung)
Abundance always [1]
Reference Swanton, C.J., Cavers, P.B., Clements, D.R., Moore, M.J. 1992: The biology of Canadian weeds. 101. Helianthus turberosus L.. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 72:1367-1382
Systematic reference species [S]
Breeding system »
Breeding system X (allogamous)
Reference Fryxell, P.M. 1957: Modes of reproduction of higher plants. The Botanical Review 23:135-233
Flower color »
Flower colour yellow
Basic flower colour g (yellow)
Reference Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin
UV reflection of the flower »
UV reflection in the periphery of the flower 5 (40-66 %)
UV reflection in the centre of the flower 2 (8-15 %)
UV reflection pattern 1 (UV reflectance pattern present)
Flower class after MUELLER »
Flower class after MUELLER B` (flower associations with totally hidden nectar)
Typical pollinators: bees, bumble bees, wasps, bombylides, syrphids
Flower type after KUGLER »
Flower type after KUGLER 7.2c (flower heads, Asteraceae, ray and disk flowers)
 
group of traits: Seed traits »
Fruit type »
Fruit type v (vegetative)
Diaspore type »
Diaspore type v (vegetative)
Germinule type »
Heteromorphic type n (not heteromorphic)
Germinule type v (vegetative)
Information available False
Development of nutritious appendages  
Development of flat appendages  
Development of elongated appendages  
Development of additional appendages  
special references:
Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
Hanf, M. 1984: Ackerunkräuter Europas mit ihren Keimlingen und Samen. . BLV Verlagsgesellschaft, München, Wien, Zürich. (Gattung)
 
group of traits: Ecological strategy »
Strategy type »
Strategy type c (competitors)
 
group of traits: Indicator values for grassland species »
Grassland utilization indicator values »
Occurrence N (fallow lands)
Guild K (forb)
Mowing tolerance 4 (between 3 and 5 (sensitive to moderately tolerant to mowing))
Grazing tolerance 3 (sensitive to grazing)
Trampling tolerance 2 (between 1 and 3 (intolerant to sensitive to trampling))
Foraging value 2 (no or little forage value)
Foraging value for deer  
 
group of traits: Range »
Floristic zone and altitudinal level »
Floristic zone e (submeridional)
Altitudinal level  
Status natural range
Floristic zone p (southern temperate)
Altitudinal level  
Status anthropogenic range
Floristic zone n (northern temperate)
Altitudinal level  
Status anthropogenic range
Number of inhabited floristic zones »
Number of inhabited floristic zones 2
Oceanity »
Oceanity sos (weak suboceanic)
Amplitude of Oceanity: 4
Minimum level of oceantity: extreme central continental climate
Maximum level of oceantity: extreme oceanic climate
Status anthropogenic range
Oceanity so (suboceanic)
Amplitude of Oceanity: 3
Minimum level of oceantity: continental climate
Maximum level of oceantity: extreme oceanic climate
Status natural range
Floristic region »
Floristic region a (Asia)
Continent of floristic region: a (Asien)
Status anthropogenic range
Floristic region e (Europe)
Continent of floristic region: e (Europa)
Status anthropogenic range
Floristic region om (Eastern America)
Continent of floristic region: m (Amerika)
Status natural range
 
group of traits: Hemeroby »
Hemeroby »
Hemeroby b (b-euhemerobic)
Hemeroby c (a-euhemerobic)
Number of hemerobic levels »
Number of hemerobic levels 2
 
group of traits: Urbanity »
Urbanity »
Urbanity 3 (urbanoneutral)
 
group of traits: Habitats »
Habitat »
Habitat L4.1 (null)
Alliance: ???
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted True
Annotation nur Ufer
Habitat L5.2.5 (null)
Alliance: Convolvulion sepium
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation  
 
group of traits: Sociology »
Class »
English circumscription 06.5 (Eusiberian ruderal mugwort and thistles communities, and couch-grasslands)
Class: Artemisietea vulgaris
English circumscription 07.5 (Nitrophilous tall herb communities)
Class: Galio-Urticetea dioicae
 
 
groups of traits for this species
Status »
Chromosome number »
DNA content »
Phylogeny »
Morphology »
Leaf traits »
Flowering phenology »
Floral and reproductive biology »
Seed traits »
Ecological strategy »
Indicator values for grassland species »
Range »
Hemeroby »
Urbanity »
Habitats »
Sociology »


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