species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
Alopecurus pratensis L. |
Poaceae » |
Wiesen-Fuchsschwanzgras
|
reference |
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
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|
Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
Alopecurus pratensis L. |
accepted |
Alopecurus sericeus Gaertn. |
Synonym |
Alopecurus trivialis Seidl ex Opiz |
Synonym |
>Alopecurus pratensis subsp. pratensis |
accepted |
>Alopecurus pratensis subsp. pseudonigricans O. Schwarz |
accepted |
>Alopecurus pratensis var. obscurus Griseb. |
Synonym |
|
Chromosome number » |
Basic chromosome number |
7 |
Chromosome number 2n |
28 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
Most common chromosome race |
False |
Ploidy level |
4 (tetraploid) |
Ploidy type |
P (polyploid with haploid basic number) |
Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
|
DNA content » |
DNA content (pg/2C) |
13.6 |
Chromosome number |
28 |
Quality |
chromosome number missing in original source; the most common number was added [f] |
Authorised in BENNET & LEITCH 2001 |
True |
Reference |
Bennett, M.D., Smith, J.S. 1991: Nuclear DNA amounts in angiosperms. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London B 334:309-345 |
|
Flowering phenology » |
Begin of flowering (months) |
5 |
End of flowering (months) |
6 |
Duration of flowering (months) |
2 |
Number of flowering phases |
0 |
Symphenological Groups » |
Phenological group |
4 (Fagus-Lamiastrum-Phase) Phenological season: start of mid spring |
Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
Type of reproduction » |
Type of reproduction |
sv (by seed and vegetatively) |
Reference |
Krumbiegel, A. 2002: Morphologie der vegetativen Organe (außer Blätter). In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.) BiolFlor - Biologisch-ökologische Daten zur Flora Deutschlands, S. 1-2, Bonn |
Type of seed production » |
Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Dicliny » |
Dicliny |
so (hermaphroditic) |
Abundance |
always [1] |
Reference |
Connor, H.E. 1979: Breeding system in the grasses: a survey. New Zealand Journal of Botany 17:547-574 |
Dichogamy » |
Dichogamy |
g3 (pronounced protogynous) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Dichogamy |
g2 (protogynous) |
Reference |
Conert, H.J. 1979: Poaceae. In: Hegi, G.B. (Hrsg.) Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa, 1(3), S. 1-843, Parey, Berlin |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility » |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
SI (self-incompatibel) |
Reference |
Weimarck, A. 1968: Self-incompatibility in the Gramineae. Hereditas 60:157-166 |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
SI mechanism » |
SI mechanism |
GSI (gametophytic self-incompatibility) |
Reference |
de Nettancourt, D. 1977: Incompatibility in angiosperms. Springer, Berlin |
Pollen vector » |
Pollen vector |
wi (wind) Pollen vector group: ab (abiotische Bestäubung) |
Abundance |
the rule [2] |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
Breeding system » |
Breeding system |
X (allogamous) |
Reference |
Anmerkung 2002: vgl. Klassifizierungsschema Abb. |
P/O ratio » |
P/O ratio |
18700.0 |
Reference |
Conert, H.J. 1979: Poaceae. In: Hegi, G.B. (Hrsg.) Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa, 1(3), S. 1-843, Parey, Berlin |
Flower class after MUELLER » |
Flower class after MUELLER |
W (wind flowers) Typical pollinators: - |
Flower type after KUGLER » |
Flower type after KUGLER |
0 (not applicable) |
|
Fruit type » |
Fruit type |
Nu (nut) |
Diaspore type » |
Diaspore type |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
Germinule type » |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Germinule type |
F (fruit) |
Information available |
True |
Development of nutritious appendages |
|
Development of flat appendages |
|
Development of elongated appendages |
|
Development of additional appendages |
|
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Germinule type |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
Information available |
True |
Development of nutritious appendages |
|
Development of flat appendages |
|
Development of elongated appendages |
always [1] |
Development of additional appendages |
always [1] |
Weights » |
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
0.7 |
Weight (mean) [mg] |
0.8 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
1.0 |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
0.7 |
Weight (mean) [mg] |
0.8 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
1.0 |
Sizes » |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
F (fruit) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
2.0 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
2.5 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
3.2 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.0 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
1.2 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
1.5 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.3 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
0.4 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
0.5 |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
7.8 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
9.2 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
10.5 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.4 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
2.1 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
2.8 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.3 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
0.7 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.2 |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
Constraint |
True |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
4.0 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
5.5 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
7.0 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.4 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
2.1 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
2.8 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.3 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
0.7 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.2 |
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
7.8 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
9.2 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
10.5 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.4 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
2.1 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
2.8 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.3 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
0.7 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.2 |
special references:
|
Grime, J.P., Mason, G., Curtis, A.V., Rodman, J., Band, S.R., Mowforth, M.A., Neal, A.M., Shaw, S. 1981: A comparative study of germination characteristics in a local flora. Journal of Ecology 69:1017-1069 (Gattung)
|
Grime, J.P., Hodgson, J.G., Hunt, R. 1988: Comparative Plant Ecology. Unwin Hyman, London (Gattung)
|
Naylor, R.E.L. 1972: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Alopecurus myosuroides Huds. (A. agrestis L.). Journal of Ecology 60:611-622 (Gattung)
|
Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
|
Cremer, J., Partzsch, M., Zimmermann, M., Schwär, C., Goltz, H. 1991: Acker- und Gartenwildkräuter: ein Bestimmungsbuch. . Deutscher Landwirtschaftsverlag, Berlin. (Gattung)
|
Häfliger, T.J., Scholz, H. 1981: Grass weeds. Documenta CIBA-GEIGY Ltd., Basel (Gattung)
|
Kaltofen, H., Schrader, A. 1991: Gräser. Biologie - Bestimmung - Wirtschaftliche Bedeutung. DVL, Berlin (Gattung)
|
Heinisch, O. 1955: Samenatlas der wichtigsten Futterpflanzen und ihrer Unkräuter. Deutsche Akad. Landwirtsch.-Wiss., Berlin (Gattung)
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|
Grassland utilization indicator values » |
Occurrence |
GW (commercial grasslands) |
Guild |
G (grass) |
Mowing tolerance |
7 (well tolerant to mowing) |
Grazing tolerance |
4 (between 3 and 5 (sensitive to moderately tolerant to grazing)) |
Trampling tolerance |
4 (between 3 and 5 (sensitive to moderately tolerant to trampling)) |
Foraging value |
8 (between 7 and 9 (high to best forage value)) |
Foraging value for deer |
7 (high forage value) |
|
Habitat » |
Habitat |
L5.2.5.4 (null) Alliance: Filipendulion
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T7 (Meadows and pastures) Alliance: Molinio-Arrhenatheretea
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T7.1.2 (null) Alliance: Arrhenatherion
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T7.3.5 (null) Alliance: Calthion p.p.
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
|
Class » |
English circumscription |
05.4 (Commercially used grasslands) Class: Molinio-Arrhenatheretea
|
English circumscription |
05.5 (Communities of flooded and trampled grasslands) Class: Agrostietea stoloniferae
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English circumscription |
07.5 (Nitrophilous tall herb communities) Class: Galio-Urticetea dioicae
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English circumscription |
09.3 (Willow marsh shrublands) Class: Carici-Salicetea cinereae
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