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Overview of all traits of a species

species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status)
BiolFlor-Name family german name(s)
Fallopia japonica (Houtt.) Ronse Decr. Polygonaceae » Japanischer Flügelknöterich
reference
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
 
Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998)
Fallopia japonica (Houtt.) Ronse Decr. accepted
Reynoutria japonica Houtt. Basionym
Polygonum sieboldii Reinw. ex de Vries, non Meisn. Synonym
Polygonum zuccarinii Small Synonym
Polygonum reynoutria Makino, nom. illeg. Synonym
Polygonum cuspidatum Siebold & Zucc. Synonym
Pleuropterus cuspidatus (Siebold & Zucc.) H. Gross Synonym
Tiniaria cuspidata (Houtt.) Hedb. Synonym
>Fallopia japonica var. japonica accepted
>Fallopia japonica var. compacta (Hook. f.) J. P. Bailey accepted
>Polygonum compactum Hook. f. Basionym
>Reynoutria japonica var. compacta (Hook. f.) Moldenke Synonym
 
group of traits: Status »
Floristic status »
Floristic status N (neophyte)
Evolutionary origin »
Evolutionary origin u (unknown)
Region of origin »
Region of origin 0 (not specified)
Endemism »
Endemism 0 (not specified)
Reference unbekannt
Mode of introduction »
Mode of introduction VN (escaped crop and timber plant)
Mode of introduction VZ (escaped ornamental plant)
Time and region of first naturalization »
Region of naturalization D (Germany)
Time of first naturalization 1872
Region of naturalization ME (Central Europe)
Time of first naturalization 1823
Degree of naturalization »
Maximum degree of naturalization AG (agriophyte)
 
group of traits: Chromosome number »
Chromosome number »
Basic chromosome number 11
Chromosome number 2n 88
Chromosome number (Germany) True
Most common chromosome race False
Ploidy level 8 (octoploid)
Ploidy type R (palaeopolyploid; polyploid basic number)
Reference Wisskirchen, R., Haeupler, H. 1998: Standardliste der Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands. Ulmer, Stuttgart
Basic chromosome number 11
Chromosome number 2n 44
Chromosome number (Germany) False
Most common chromosome race False
Ploidy level 4 (tetraploid)
Ploidy type R (palaeopolyploid; polyploid basic number)
Reference Wisskirchen, R., Haeupler, H. 1998: Standardliste der Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands. Ulmer, Stuttgart
 
group of traits: DNA content »
DNA content »
DNA content (pg/2C) 2.6
Chromosome number 44
Quality chromosome number known and occurring in Germany [b]
Authorised in BENNET & LEITCH 2001 True
Reference Bennett, M.D., Leitch, I.J. 1995: Nuclear DNA amounts in angiosperms. Annals of Botany 76:113-176
DNA content (pg/2C) 6.5
Chromosome number 44
Quality chromosome number known and occurring in Germany [b]
Authorised in BENNET & LEITCH 2001 False
Reference Bennett, M.D., Leitch, I.J. 1995: Nuclear DNA amounts in angiosperms. Annals of Botany 76:113-176
DNA content (pg/2C) 3.1
Chromosome number 44
Quality chromosome number known and occurring in Germany [b]
Authorised in BENNET & LEITCH 2001 False
Reference Bennett, M.D., Leitch, I.J. 1995: Nuclear DNA amounts in angiosperms. Annals of Botany 76:113-176
DNA content (pg/2C) 3.4
Chromosome number 44
Quality chromosome number known and occurring in Germany [b]
Authorised in BENNET & LEITCH 2001 False
Reference Grime, J.P., Hodgson, J.G., Hunt, R. 1988: Comparative Plant Ecology. Unwin Hyman, London
 
group of traits: Phylogeny »
Phylogeny code »
Phylogeny code BBBBBBBBBBBBABABBBC
 
group of traits: Morphology »
Life form »
Life form G (Geophyte)
Qualifier always [1]
Life span »
Life span p (pluriennial-pollakanthic)
Qualifier always [1]
Vegetative propagation »
Vegetative propagation fr (Fragmentation)
Qualifier always [1]
Vegetative propagation rh (Rhizome)
Qualifier always [1]
Storage organs »
Storage organs rh (Rhizome)
Qualifier always [1]
Shoot metamorphoses »
Shoot metamorphoses rh (Rhizome)
Qualifier always [1]
Rosettes »
Rosettes r (Erosulate plant)
Qualifier always [1]
special references:
Beerling, D.J., Bailey, J.P., Conolly, A.P. 1994: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Fallopia japonica (Houtt.) Ronse Decraene (Reynoutria japonica Houtt.; Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb & Zucc.). Journal of Ecology 82:959-979
Sukopp, H., Schick, B. 1993: Zur Biologie neophytischer Reynoutria-Arten in Mitteleuropa. II. Morphometrie der Sproßsysteme. Dissertationes Botanicae 196:163-174
Kretz, M. 1996: Kontrollmethoden zur Eindämmung von Reynoutria. Beitr. Akad. Natur- und Umweltschutz Baden-Wrttemberg 22:49-54
Bauer, M. 1996: Verbreitung neophytischer Knötericharten an Fließgewässern in Baden-Württemberg. Beitr. Akad. Natur- und Umweltschutz Baden-Wrttemberg 22:41-48
Hagemann, W. 1996: Wuchsform und individuelle Bekämpfung des Japanknöterichs durch Herbizidinjektionen: ein vorlläufiger Bericht. Beitr. Akad. Natur- u. Umweltsch. Bad. -Wrtt. 22:66-72
 
group of traits: Leaf traits »
Leaf persistence »
Leaf persistence s (summer green)
Leaf anatomy »
Leaf anatomy m (mesomorphic)
Leaf anatomy e (helomorphic)
Leaf form »
Leaf form norm (simple)
 
group of traits: Flowering phenology »
Flowering phenology »
Begin of flowering (months) 7
End of flowering (months) 9
Duration of flowering (months) 3
Number of flowering phases 0
Symphenological Groups »
Phenological group 9 (Hedera-Solidago-Phase)
Phenological season: early autumn
Reference Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560
 
group of traits: Floral and reproductive biology »
Type of reproduction »
Type of reproduction vvs (mostly vegetatively, rarely by seed)
Reference Haber, E. 1999: Invasive Exotic Plants of Canada Fact Sheet No. 12. Japanese Knotweed. http://infoweb.magi.com/~ehaber/factbamb.html
Type of seed production »
Type of seed production s (amphimictic, sexual)
Reference Haber, E. 1999: Invasive Exotic Plants of Canada Fact Sheet No. 12. Japanese Knotweed. http://infoweb.magi.com/~ehaber/factbamb.html
Dicliny »
Dicliny gd (gynodioecious)
Abundance always [1]
Reference Haber, E. 1999: Invasive Exotic Plants of Canada Fact Sheet No. 12. Japanese Knotweed. http://infoweb.magi.com/~ehaber/factbamb.html
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility »
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility SI (self-incompatibel)
Reference Haber, E. 1999: Invasive Exotic Plants of Canada Fact Sheet No. 12. Japanese Knotweed. http://infoweb.magi.com/~ehaber/factbamb.html
Systematic reference species [S]
SI mechanism »
SI mechanism U (unknown mechanism)
Reference unbekannt
Pollen vector »
Pollen vector in (insects)
Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung)
Abundance always [1]
Reference Haber, E. 1999: Invasive Exotic Plants of Canada Fact Sheet No. 12. Japanese Knotweed. http://infoweb.magi.com/~ehaber/factbamb.html
Systematic reference species [S]
Breeding system »
Breeding system X (allogamous)
Reference Anmerkung 2002: vgl. Klassifizierungsschema Abb.
Floral rewards »
Floral rewards 1 (nectar)
Reference Haber, E. 1999: Invasive Exotic Plants of Canada Fact Sheet No. 12. Japanese Knotweed. http://infoweb.magi.com/~ehaber/factbamb.html
Amount of floral reward 4 (plenty)
Flower color »
Flower colour white
Basic flower colour w (white)
Reference Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin
Flower class after MUELLER »
Flower class after MUELLER B (flowers with totally hidden nectar)
Typical pollinators: bees, bumblebees, wasps, bombylides, syrphids
Flower type after KUGLER »
Flower type after KUGLER 3.2 (bell shaped flowers with sticky pollen)
 
group of traits: Seed traits »
Fruit type »
Fruit type Nu (nut)
Diaspore type »
Diaspore type FZb (fruit with appendage)
Germinule type »
Heteromorphic type n (not heteromorphic)
Germinule type F (fruit)
Information available True
Development of nutritious appendages  
Development of flat appendages  
Development of elongated appendages  
Development of additional appendages  
Heteromorphic type n (not heteromorphic)
Germinule type FZb (fruit with appendage)
Information available True
Development of nutritious appendages  
Development of flat appendages always [1]
Development of elongated appendages always [1]
Development of additional appendages always [1]
Sizes »
Measured object Germinule
Type of germinule or diaspore F (fruit)
Constraint False
Heteromorphic type n (not heteromorphic)
Length (minimum) [mm] 2.0
Length (mean) [mm] 3.5
Length (maximum) [mm] 4.0
Width (minimum) [mm]  
Width (mean) [mm] 2.0
Width (maximum) [mm]  
Height (minimum) [mm]  
Height (mean) [mm]  
Height (maximum) [mm]  
special references:
Grime, J.P., Mason, G., Curtis, A.V., Rodman, J., Band, S.R., Mowforth, M.A., Neal, A.M., Shaw, S. 1981: A comparative study of germination characteristics in a local flora. Journal of Ecology 69:1017-1069 (Gattung)
Grime, J.P., Hodgson, J.G., Hunt, R. 1988: Comparative Plant Ecology. Unwin Hyman, London (Gattung)
Beerling, D.J., Bailey, J.P., Conolly, A.P. 1994: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Fallopia japonica (Houtt.) Ronse Decraene (Reynoutria japonica Houtt.; Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb & Zucc.). Journal of Ecology 82:959-979 (Species)
Beijerink, W. 1947: Zadenatlas der Nederlandsche Flora. Biol. Stat. Wijster, Wageningen (Gattung)
Berggren, G. 1981: Atlas of seeds and small fruits of Northwest-European plant species with morphological descriptions. - Part 3 (Salicaceae-Cruciferaceae). Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm (Gattung)
Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
Cremer, J., Partzsch, M., Zimmermann, M., Schwär, C., Goltz, H. 1991: Acker- und Gartenwildkräuter: ein Bestimmungsbuch. . Deutscher Landwirtschaftsverlag, Berlin. (Gattung)
Häfliger, T.J., Wolf, M. 1988: Dicot Weeds. Documenta CIBA-GEIGY Ltd., Basel (Gattung)
 
group of traits: Ecological strategy »
Strategy type »
Strategy type c (competitors)
 
group of traits: Indicator values for grassland species »
Grassland utilization indicator values »
Occurrence N (fallow lands)
Guild K (forb)
Mowing tolerance 3 (sensitive to mowing)
Grazing tolerance 7 (well tolerant to grazing)
Trampling tolerance 4 (between 3 and 5 (sensitive to moderately tolerant to trampling))
Foraging value 2 (no or little forage value)
Foraging value for deer  
 
group of traits: Range »
Floristic zone and altitudinal level »
Floristic zone e (submeridional)
Altitudinal level  
Status natural range
Floristic zone p (southern temperate)
Altitudinal level  
Status anthropogenic range
Floristic zone n (northern temperate)
Altitudinal level  
Status natural range
Number of inhabited floristic zones »
Number of inhabited floristic zones 2
Oceanity »
Oceanity o (oceanic)
Amplitude of Oceanity: 2
Minimum level of oceantity: oceanic climate
Maximum level of oceantity: extreme oceanic climate
Status natural range
Floristic region »
Floristic region c (circumpolar)
Continent of floristic region: c (circumpolar)
Status anthropogenic range
Floristic region oa (Eastern Asia)
Continent of floristic region: a (Asien)
Status natural range
 
group of traits: Hemeroby »
Hemeroby »
Hemeroby m (mesohemerobic)
Hemeroby b (b-euhemerobic)
Hemeroby c (a-euhemerobic)
Hemeroby p (polyhemerobic)
Number of hemerobic levels »
Number of hemerobic levels 4
 
group of traits: Urbanity »
Urbanity »
Urbanity 3 (urbanoneutral)
 
group of traits: Habitats »
Habitat »
Habitat L4.1 (null)
Alliance: ???
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation vor allem im Gebirge
Habitat L5.2.2 (null)
Alliance: Salicetum albo-fragilis
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation  
Habitat L5.2.3 (null)
Alliance: Alno-Ulmion p.p.
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation  
Habitat T8.2.1.1 (null)
Alliance: Aegopodion podagrariae
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation  
Habitat T8.2.2 (null)
Alliance: Artemisietea vulgaris
Occurrence questionable False
Occurence restricted False
Annotation  
 
group of traits: Sociology »
Class »
English circumscription 06.5 (Eusiberian ruderal mugwort and thistles communities, and couch-grasslands)
Class: Artemisietea vulgaris
English circumscription 07.5 (Nitrophilous tall herb communities)
Class: Galio-Urticetea dioicae
 
 
groups of traits for this species
Status »
Chromosome number »
DNA content »
Phylogeny »
Morphology »
Leaf traits »
Flowering phenology »
Floral and reproductive biology »
Seed traits »
Ecological strategy »
Indicator values for grassland species »
Range »
Hemeroby »
Urbanity »
Habitats »
Sociology »


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