species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin. |
Poaceae » |
Draht-Schmiele
|
reference |
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
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|
Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin. |
accepted |
Avenella flexuosa (L.) Drejer |
Synonym |
Aira montana L. |
Synonym |
Aira argentea Bellynck |
Synonym |
Aira flexuosa L. |
Basionym |
Avenella flexuosa subsp. montana (L.) Å. Löve & D. Löve |
Synonym |
Avena flexuosa (L.) Mert. & W. D. J. Koch, non Schrank 1812, nom. illeg. |
Synonym |
Avena montana (L.) Weber |
Synonym |
|
Chromosome number » |
Basic chromosome number |
7 |
Chromosome number 2n |
28 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
Most common chromosome race |
False |
Ploidy level |
4 (tetraploid) |
Ploidy type |
P (polyploid with haploid basic number) |
Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
Basic chromosome number |
7 |
Chromosome number 2n |
26 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
False |
Most common chromosome race |
False |
Ploidy level |
4 (tetraploid) |
Ploidy type |
P (polyploid with haploid basic number) |
Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
|
DNA content » |
DNA content (pg/2C) |
12.2 |
Chromosome number |
28 |
Quality |
chromosome number known and occurring in Germany [b] |
Authorised in BENNET & LEITCH 2001 |
True |
Reference |
Bennett, M.D., Smith, J.P., Heslop-Harrison, J.S. 1982: Nuclear DNA amounts in angiosperms. Proceedings of the Royal Society London. Series B 216:179-199 |
DNA content (pg/2C) |
11.0 |
Chromosome number |
28 |
Quality |
chromosome number known and occurring in Germany [b] |
Authorised in BENNET & LEITCH 2001 |
False |
Reference |
Bennett, M.D., Smith, J.S. 1991: Nuclear DNA amounts in angiosperms. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London B 334:309-345 |
|
Life form » |
Life form |
H (Hemicryptophyte) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Life span » |
Life span |
p (pluriennial-pollakanthic) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Vegetative propagation » |
Vegetative propagation |
a (Runner) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Storage organs » |
Storage organs |
a (Runner) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Storage organs |
h (Tuft) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Shoot metamorphoses » |
Shoot metamorphoses |
a (Runner) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Rosettes » |
Rosettes |
h (Hemirosette plant) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
special references:
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Wilhalm, T. 1995: A comparative study of clonal fragmentation in tussock-forming grasses. Abstr. Bot. 19:51-60
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Briemle, G., Schreiber, K.F. 1994: Zur Frage der Beeinflussung pflanzlicher Lebens- und Wuchsformen durch unterschiedliche Landschaftspflegemaßnahmen. Tuexenia 14:229-244
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Mühlberg, H. 1967: Die Wuchstypen mitteleuropäischer Poaceen. Hercynia N. F. 4:11-50
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Scurfield, G. 1954: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin.. Journal of Ecology 42:225-233
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Söyrinki, N. 1939: Studien ber die generative und vegetative Vermehrung der Samenpflanzen in der alpinen Vegetation Petsamo-Lapplands. Ann. Bot. Soc. "Vanamo" 14:1-404
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Perttula, U. 1941: Untersuchungen über die generative und vegetative Vermehrung der Blütenpflanzen in der Wald-Hainwiesen- und Hainfelsen-Vegetation. Ann. Acad. Sci. Fennici, Ser. A, 58:1-388
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Pokarzhevskaya, G.A. 1995: Morphological analysis of alpine communities of the North-western Caucasus. Folia Geobotanica Phytotaxonomica 30:197-210
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|
Flowering phenology » |
Begin of flowering (months) |
6 |
End of flowering (months) |
8 |
Duration of flowering (months) |
3 |
Number of flowering phases |
0 |
Symphenological Groups » |
Phenological group |
7 (Ligustrum-Stachys sylvatica-Phase) Phenological season: end of early summer |
Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
Type of reproduction » |
Type of reproduction |
sv (by seed and vegetatively) |
Reference |
Scurfield, G. 1954: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin.. Journal of Ecology 42:225-233 |
Type of seed production » |
Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
Reference |
Scurfield, G. 1954: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin.. Journal of Ecology 42:225-233 |
Dicliny » |
Dicliny |
so (hermaphroditic) |
Abundance |
always [1] |
Reference |
Connor, H.E. 1979: Breeding system in the grasses: a survey. New Zealand Journal of Botany 17:547-574 |
Dichogamy » |
Dichogamy |
h (homogamous) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility » |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
I+ (± self-incompatibel) |
Reference |
Beddows, A.R. 1931: Seed setting and flowering in various grasses. Bulletin of the Welsh Plant Breeding Station, Series H 12:5-99 |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
SI (self-incompatibel) |
Reference |
Weimarck, A. 1968: Self-incompatibility in the Gramineae. Hereditas 60:157-166 |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
SI mechanism » |
SI mechanism |
GSI (gametophytic self-incompatibility) |
Reference |
de Nettancourt, D. 1977: Incompatibility in angiosperms. Springer, Berlin |
Pollen vector » |
Pollen vector |
wi (wind) Pollen vector group: ab (abiotische Bestäubung) |
Abundance |
always [1] |
Reference |
Scurfield, G. 1954: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin.. Journal of Ecology 42:225-233 |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
Breeding system » |
Breeding system |
X (allogamous) |
Reference |
Anmerkung 2002: xenogam, da SI |
Flower class after MUELLER » |
Flower class after MUELLER |
W (wind flowers) Typical pollinators: - |
Flower type after KUGLER » |
Flower type after KUGLER |
0 (not applicable) |
|
Fruit type » |
Fruit type |
Nu (nut) |
Diaspore type » |
Diaspore type |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
Germinule type » |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Germinule type |
F (fruit) |
Information available |
True |
Development of nutritious appendages |
|
Development of flat appendages |
|
Development of elongated appendages |
|
Development of additional appendages |
|
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Germinule type |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
Information available |
True |
Development of nutritious appendages |
|
Development of flat appendages |
|
Development of elongated appendages |
always [1] |
Development of additional appendages |
always [1] |
Weights » |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
F (fruit) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
|
Weight (mean) [mg] |
0.4 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
|
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
0.7 |
Weight (mean) [mg] |
0.7 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
0.7 |
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
0.7 |
Weight (mean) [mg] |
0.7 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
0.7 |
Sizes » |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
F (fruit) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
1.9 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
2.5 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
3.5 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
0.5 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
0.8 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
1.0 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.5 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
0.5 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
0.6 |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
5.1 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
6.2 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
7.5 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
0.6 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
1.0 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
1.8 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.5 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
0.6 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.1 |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
Constraint |
True |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
3.0 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
4.3 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
5.5 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
0.6 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
1.0 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
1.8 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.5 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
0.6 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.1 |
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
5.1 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
6.2 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
7.5 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
0.6 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
1.0 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
1.8 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.5 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
0.6 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.1 |
special references:
|
Grime, J.P., Mason, G., Curtis, A.V., Rodman, J., Band, S.R., Mowforth, M.A., Neal, A.M., Shaw, S. 1981: A comparative study of germination characteristics in a local flora. Journal of Ecology 69:1017-1069 (Gattung)
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Grime, J.P., Hodgson, J.G., Hunt, R. 1988: Comparative Plant Ecology. Unwin Hyman, London (Gattung)
|
Scurfield, G. 1954: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin.. Journal of Ecology 42:225-233 (Gattung)
|
Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
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Cremer, J., Partzsch, M., Zimmermann, M., Schwär, C., Goltz, H. 1991: Acker- und Gartenwildkräuter: ein Bestimmungsbuch. . Deutscher Landwirtschaftsverlag, Berlin. (Gattung)
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Häfliger, T.J., Scholz, H. 1981: Grass weeds. Documenta CIBA-GEIGY Ltd., Basel (Gattung)
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Kaltofen, H., Schrader, A. 1991: Gräser. Biologie - Bestimmung - Wirtschaftliche Bedeutung. DVL, Berlin (Gattung)
|
Heinisch, O. 1955: Samenatlas der wichtigsten Futterpflanzen und ihrer Unkräuter. Deutsche Akad. Landwirtsch.-Wiss., Berlin (Gattung)
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|
Grassland utilization indicator values » |
Occurrence |
W (forest edges and related ecotones) |
Guild |
G (grass) |
Mowing tolerance |
3 (sensitive to mowing) |
Grazing tolerance |
4 (between 3 and 5 (sensitive to moderately tolerant to grazing)) |
Trampling tolerance |
4 (between 3 and 5 (sensitive to moderately tolerant to trampling)) |
Foraging value |
3 (little forage value) |
Foraging value for deer |
9 (best forage value) |
|
Habitat » |
Habitat |
T1.1.1.1 (null) Alliance: Luzulo-Fagenion
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T1.1.2.5 (null) Alliance: Quercion robori-petraeae
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T1.4.3.1 (null) Alliance: Vaccino-Piceion
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T2.2.1 (null) Alliance: Carici piluliferae-Epilobion angustifolii
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
|
Class » |
English circumscription |
05.6 (Acidic mat-grass communities) Class: Nardetea strictae
|
English circumscription |
07.2 (Alpine-montane tall herb and small-reed communities) Class: Stellario nemorum-Geranietea sylvatici
|
English circumscription |
07.3 (Acidophilous forest grassland ecotones) Class: Melampyro-Holcetea mollis
|
English circumscription |
07.4 (Communities of clear-felled areas) Class: Epilobietea angustifolii
|
English circumscription |
08.4 (Heather and gorse heathlands) Class: Calluno-Ulicetea
|
English circumscription |
09.2 (Acidic deciduous bush communities) Class: Franguletea
|
English circumscription |
10.2 (Mesophilous, summer-green deciduous forests) Class: Carpino-Fagetea
|
English circumscription |
10.3 (Birch-oak forests) Class: Quercetea robori-petraeae
|
English circumscription |
10.8 (Boreal-continental coniferous forests with dwarf scrubs) Class: Vaccinio-Piceetea
|
English circumscription |
10.9 (Bog bilberry pine-forests) Class: Vaccinio uliginosi-Pinetea
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