species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
Ceratophyllum demersum L. |
Ceratophyllaceae » |
Raues Hornblatt
|
reference |
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
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Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
Ceratophyllum demersum L. |
accepted |
>Ceratophyllum demersum subsp. demersum |
accepted |
>Ceratophyllum demersum subsp. apiculatum , sensu Rothm. |
Synonym |
>Ceratophyllum demersum subsp. platyacanthum (Cham.) Nyman |
accepted |
>Ceratophyllum platyacanthum subsp. platyacanthum |
Synonym |
>Ceratophyllum demersum var. apiculatum Cham. & Schltdl. |
Synonym |
>Ceratophyllum platyacanthum Cham. |
Basionym |
>Ceratophyllum demersum var. platyacanthum (Cham.) Wimm. |
Synonym |
|
Life form » |
Life form |
A (Hydrophyte) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Life span » |
Life span |
p (pluriennial-pollakanthic) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Vegetative propagation » |
Vegetative propagation |
fr (Fragmentation) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Vegetative propagation |
t (Turio) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Storage organs » |
Storage organs |
t (Turio) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Shoot metamorphoses » |
Shoot metamorphoses |
t (Turio) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Rosettes » |
Rosettes |
r (Erosulate plant) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
special references:
|
Arber, A. 1920: Water plants. A study of aquatic angiosperms. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge
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Barrat-Segretain, M.H. 1996: Strategies of reproduction, dispersion, and competition of river plants: A review. Vegetatio 123:13-27
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Winston, R.D., Gorham, P.R. 1979: Turions and dormancy states in Utricularia vulgaris. Canadian Journal of Botany 57:2740-2749
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Kautsky, L. 1988: Life cycles of soft bottom macrophytes. Oikos 53:126-135
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Glück, H. 1911: Biologische und morphologische Untersuchungen über Wasser- und Sumpfgewächse. 3. Aufl., Jena
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Sculthorpe, C.D. 1967: The biology of aquatic vascular plants. Edward Arnold, London
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Flowering phenology » |
Begin of flowering (months) |
6 |
End of flowering (months) |
9 |
Duration of flowering (months) |
4 |
Number of flowering phases |
0 |
Symphenological Groups » |
Phenological group |
8 (Clematis vitalba-Galium sylvaticum-Phase) Phenological season: midsummer |
Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
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Type of reproduction » |
Type of reproduction |
vvs (mostly vegetatively, rarely by seed) |
Reference |
Kubitzki, K., Rohwer, J.G., Bittrich, V. 1993: Flowering plants. Dicotyledones. Springer, Berlin |
Type of seed production » |
Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Dicliny » |
Dicliny |
mo (monoecious) |
Abundance |
always [1] |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Dichogamy » |
Dichogamy |
g1 (slightly protogynous) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility » |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
SC (self-compatibel) |
Reference |
Kubitzki, K., Rohwer, J.G., Bittrich, V. 1993: Flowering plants. Dicotyledones. Springer, Berlin |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
Pollen vector » |
Pollen vector |
wa (water) Pollen vector group: ab (abiotische Bestäubung) |
Abundance |
always [1] |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
Breeding system » |
Breeding system |
AFXF (mixed mating) |
Reference |
Anmerkung 2002: vgl. Klassifizierungsschema Abb. |
Floral rewards » |
Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Amount of floral reward |
1 (none) |
Floral rewards |
2 (pollen) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Amount of floral reward |
4 (plenty) |
Flower class after MUELLER » |
Flower class after MUELLER |
Hy (water flowers: pollination on or under water) Typical pollinators: - |
Flower type after KUGLER » |
Flower type after KUGLER |
0 (not applicable) |
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Fruit type » |
Fruit type |
Nu (nut) |
Diaspore type » |
Diaspore type |
F (fruit) |
Germinule type » |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Germinule type |
F (fruit) |
Information available |
True |
Development of nutritious appendages |
|
Development of flat appendages |
|
Development of elongated appendages |
always [1] |
Development of additional appendages |
|
Sizes » |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
F (fruit) |
Constraint |
True |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
4.0 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
4.9 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
7.0 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
2.1 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
2.5 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
2.8 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
1.5 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
1.8 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
2.5 |
special references:
|
Beijerink, W. 1947: Zadenatlas der Nederlandsche Flora. Biol. Stat. Wijster, Wageningen (Gattung)
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Berggren, G. 1981: Atlas of seeds and small fruits of Northwest-European plant species with morphological descriptions. - Part 3 (Salicaceae-Cruciferaceae). Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm (Gattung)
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Häfliger, T.J., Wolf, M. 1988: Dicot Weeds. Documenta CIBA-GEIGY Ltd., Basel (Gattung)
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Luftensteiner, H.W. 1982: Untersuchungen zur Verbreitungssbiologie von Pflanzengemeinschaften an vier Standorten in Niederösterreich. Bibliotheca Botanica 135:1-68 (Gattung)
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Muenscher, W.C. 1940: Fruits and seedlings of Ceratophyllum. American Journal of Botany 27:231-233 (Gattung)
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Habitat » |
Habitat |
L3.1 (null) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
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Habitat |
L3.2 (null) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
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Habitat |
L3.3 (null) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
L3.3.2 (null) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
L4.2.2 (null) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
L4.2.3 (null) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
L4.3 (null) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
L4.3.1 (null) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
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Habitat |
L4.3.2.1 (null) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
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Class » |
English circumscription |
01.1 (Communities of floating aquatic plants) Class: Lemnetea minoris
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English circumscription |
01.2 (Communities of aquatic plants rooting in the bed) Class: Potamogetonetea pectinati
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