species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
Caltha palustris L. |
Ranunculaceae » |
Sumpfdotterblume
|
reference |
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
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Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
Caltha palustris L. |
accepted |
>Caltha palustris var. palustris |
accepted |
>Caltha palustris subsp. laeta (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Hegi |
Synonym |
>Caltha palustris subsp. minor (Mill.) Graebn. |
Synonym |
>Caltha palustris subsp. palustris |
Synonym |
>Caltha palustris var. minor (Mill.) DC. |
Synonym |
>Caltha major Mill. |
Synonym |
>Caltha parnassifolia Raf. |
Synonym |
>Caltha asarifolia DC. |
Synonym |
>Caltha palustris var. dentata Celak. |
Synonym |
>Caltha palustris var. stagnalis Rouy & Foucaud |
Synonym |
>Caltha palustris var. alpina Schur |
Synonym |
>Caltha vulgaris Schott, Nyman & Kotschy |
Synonym |
>Caltha cornuta Schott, Nyman & Kotschy |
Synonym |
>Caltha alpestris Schott, Nyman & Kotschy |
Synonym |
>Caltha latifolia Schott, Nyman & Kotschy |
Synonym |
>Caltha intermedia Schott, Nyman & Kotschy |
Synonym |
>Caltha palustris subsp. cornuta (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Hegi |
Synonym |
>Caltha palustris subsp. alpestris (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) H. Neumayer |
Synonym |
>Caltha laeta Schott, Nyman & Kotschy |
Synonym |
>Caltha minor Mill. |
Synonym |
>Caltha palustris var. laeta (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Murb |
Synonym |
>Caltha palustris var. procumbens Beck |
Synonym |
>Caltha procumbens (Beck) Huth |
Synonym |
>Caltha palustris var. radicans (Forster) Beck |
accepted |
>Caltha radicans Forster |
Basionym |
>Caltha palustris var. araneosa Steenis |
Synonym |
>Caltha flabellifolia Pursh |
Synonym |
>Caltha zetlandica Dörfl. |
Synonym |
>Caltha caespitosa Schipcz. |
Synonym |
>Caltha palustris subsp. araneosa (Steenis) Meijden |
Synonym |
>Caltha palustris subsp. minor , auct., non (Mill.) Graebn. |
Synonym |
|
Chromosome number » |
Basic chromosome number |
8 |
Chromosome number 2n |
64 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
False |
Most common chromosome race |
False |
Ploidy level |
8 (octoploid) |
Ploidy type |
P (polyploid with haploid basic number) |
Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
Basic chromosome number |
8 |
Chromosome number 2n |
56 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
Most common chromosome race |
False |
Ploidy level |
7 (heptaploid) |
Ploidy type |
P (polyploid with haploid basic number) |
Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
Basic chromosome number |
8 |
Chromosome number 2n |
48 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
False |
Most common chromosome race |
False |
Ploidy level |
6 (hexaploid) |
Ploidy type |
P (polyploid with haploid basic number) |
Reference |
Rothmaler, W. 1990: Exkursionsflora. Band 4, Kritischer Band. 8. Aufl., Verlag Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
Basic chromosome number |
8 |
Chromosome number 2n |
32 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
Most common chromosome race |
True |
Ploidy level |
4 (tetraploid) |
Ploidy type |
P (polyploid with haploid basic number) |
Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
Basic chromosome number |
8 |
Chromosome number 2n |
48 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
False |
Most common chromosome race |
False |
Ploidy level |
|
Ploidy type |
|
Reference |
Rothmaler, W. 1990: Exkursionsflora. Band 4, Kritischer Band. 8. Aufl., Verlag Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
Basic chromosome number |
8 |
Chromosome number 2n |
72 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
False |
Most common chromosome race |
False |
Ploidy level |
|
Ploidy type |
|
Reference |
Rothmaler, W. 1990: Exkursionsflora. Band 4, Kritischer Band. 8. Aufl., Verlag Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
Basic chromosome number |
8 |
Chromosome number 2n |
80 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
False |
Most common chromosome race |
False |
Ploidy level |
|
Ploidy type |
|
Reference |
Rothmaler, W. 1990: Exkursionsflora. Band 4, Kritischer Band. 8. Aufl., Verlag Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
|
DNA content » |
DNA content (pg/2C) |
22.4 |
Chromosome number |
56 |
Quality |
chromosome number known and occurring in Germany [b] |
Authorised in BENNET & LEITCH 2001 |
False |
Reference |
Bennett, M.D., Smith, J.S. 1991: Nuclear DNA amounts in angiosperms. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London B 334:309-345 |
DNA content (pg/2C) |
33.0 |
Chromosome number |
56 |
Quality |
chromosome number known and occurring in Germany [b] |
Authorised in BENNET & LEITCH 2001 |
True |
Reference |
Bennett, M.D., Smith, J.S. 1976: Nuclear DNA amounts in angiosperms. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London B 274:227-274 |
|
Life form » |
Life form |
H (Hemicryptophyte) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Life span » |
Life span |
p (pluriennial-pollakanthic) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Vegetative propagation » |
Vegetative propagation |
rh (Rhizome) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Storage organs » |
Storage organs |
rh (Rhizome) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Shoot metamorphoses » |
Shoot metamorphoses |
rh (Rhizome) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Rosettes » |
Rosettes |
h (Hemirosette plant) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
special references:
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Lukasiewicz, A. 1962: Morfologizno-rozwojowe typy bylin (Morphologic development types of perennials). The Poznan Soc. of Friends of Science. Dept. math. -nat. Sci. Publ. Ser. Biol. (Posen) 27:1-398
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Ebel, F., Mühlberg, H. 1987: Vergleichend-ökomorphologische Untersuchungen an Pflanzen-Taxa eines Trocken- und Feuchtbiotops. Hercynia N. F. 24:408-424
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Glück, H. 1911: Biologische und morphologische Untersuchungen über Wasser- und Sumpfgewächse. 3. Aufl., Jena
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Kutschera, L., Lichtenegger, E. 1992: Wurzelatlas mitteleuropäischer Grünlandpflanzen. Bd. 2 Pteridophyta und Dicotyledonae (Magnoliopsida). Teil I Morphologie, Anatomie, Ökologie, Verbreitung, Soziologie, Wirtschaft. Fischer, Stuttgart, Jena, New York
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Raunkiaer, C. 1934: The life forms of plants and statistical plant geography. Oxford
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Flowering phenology » |
Begin of flowering (months) |
4 |
End of flowering (months) |
6 |
Duration of flowering (months) |
3 |
Number of flowering phases |
0 |
Symphenological Groups » |
Phenological group |
3 (Prunus avium-Ranunculus auricomus-Phase) Phenological season: end of early spring |
Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
Type of reproduction » |
Type of reproduction |
sv (by seed and vegetatively) |
Reference |
Krumbiegel, A. 2002: Morphologie der vegetativen Organe (außer Blätter). In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.) BiolFlor - Biologisch-ökologische Daten zur Flora Deutschlands, S. 1-2, Bonn |
Type of seed production » |
Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Dicliny » |
Dicliny |
so (hermaphroditic) |
Abundance |
the rule [2] |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Dicliny |
am (andromonoecious) |
Abundance |
rare [4] |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Dicliny |
ad (androdioecious) |
Abundance |
rare [4] |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Dichogamy » |
Dichogamy |
h (homogamous) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility » |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
SI (self-incompatibel) |
Reference |
Fryxell, P.M. 1957: Modes of reproduction of higher plants. The Botanical Review 23:135-233 |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
SI mechanism » |
SI mechanism |
GSI (gametophytic self-incompatibility) |
Reference |
de Nettancourt, D. 1977: Incompatibility in angiosperms. Springer, Berlin |
Pollen vector » |
Pollen vector |
in (insects) Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung) |
Abundance |
the rule [2] |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
Breeding system » |
Breeding system |
X (allogamous) |
Reference |
Anmerkung 2002: xenogam, da SI |
Floral rewards » |
Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Amount of floral reward |
3 (present) |
Flower color » |
Flower colour |
yellow |
Basic flower colour |
g (yellow) |
Reference |
Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
UV reflection of the flower » |
UV reflection in the periphery of the flower |
4 (28-39 %) |
UV reflection in the centre of the flower |
1 (0-7 %) |
UV reflection pattern |
1 (UV reflectance pattern present) |
Flower class after MUELLER » |
Flower class after MUELLER |
AB (flowers with partly hidden nectar) Typical pollinators: syrphids, bees |
Flower type after KUGLER » |
Flower type after KUGLER |
1.2bd (disk flowers with nectar ± hidden nectaries at or in ovary) |
|
Fruit type » |
Fruit type |
SaBa (aggregate follicles) |
Diaspore type » |
Diaspore type |
S (seed) |
Germinule type » |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Germinule type |
S (seed) |
Information available |
True |
Development of nutritious appendages |
|
Development of flat appendages |
|
Development of elongated appendages |
|
Development of additional appendages |
|
Weights » |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
1.0 |
Weight (mean) [mg] |
1.0 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
1.0 |
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
1.0 |
Weight (mean) [mg] |
1.0 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
1.0 |
Sizes » |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
1.5 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
2.3 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
3.0 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
0.7 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
1.0 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
1.3 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.6 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
0.9 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.1 |
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
1.5 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
2.3 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
3.0 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
0.7 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
1.0 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
1.3 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.6 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
0.9 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.1 |
special references:
|
Grime, J.P., Mason, G., Curtis, A.V., Rodman, J., Band, S.R., Mowforth, M.A., Neal, A.M., Shaw, S. 1981: A comparative study of germination characteristics in a local flora. Journal of Ecology 69:1017-1069 (Gattung)
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Grime, J.P., Hodgson, J.G., Hunt, R. 1988: Comparative Plant Ecology. Unwin Hyman, London (Gattung)
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Beijerink, W. 1947: Zadenatlas der Nederlandsche Flora. Biol. Stat. Wijster, Wageningen (Gattung)
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Berggren, G. 1981: Atlas of seeds and small fruits of Northwest-European plant species with morphological descriptions. - Part 3 (Salicaceae-Cruciferaceae). Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm (Gattung)
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Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
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Stockey, A., Hunt, R. 1994: Predicting secondary succession in wetland mesocosms on the basis of autecological information on seeds and seedlings. Journal of Applied Ecology 31:543-559 (Gattung)
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Strykstra, R.J. 1997: Seed dispersal in a Dutch grassland reserve. . Univesity of Ulster, Coleraine. (Gattung)
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Grassland utilization indicator values » |
Occurrence |
GE (little used grasslands) |
Guild |
K (forb) |
Mowing tolerance |
4 (between 3 and 5 (sensitive to moderately tolerant to mowing)) |
Grazing tolerance |
7 (well tolerant to grazing) |
Trampling tolerance |
3 (sensitive to trampling) |
Foraging value |
1 (poisonous for livestock (and humans)) |
Foraging value for deer |
5 (intermediate forage value) |
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Habitat » |
Habitat |
H3 (Freshwater-Tide Areas) Alliance: ???
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
L5.2.3 (null) Alliance: Alno-Ulmion p.p.
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T7.3 (null) Alliance: Monilietalia coeruleae
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
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Class » |
English circumscription |
01.5 (Communities of springs and wells) Class: Montio-Cardaminetea
|
English circumscription |
01.6 (Communities of reeds and tall sedges) Class: Phragmito-Magnocaricetea
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English circumscription |
05.4 (Commercially used grasslands) Class: Molinio-Arrhenatheretea
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English circumscription |
07.2 (Alpine-montane tall herb and small-reed communities) Class: Stellario nemorum-Geranietea sylvatici
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English circumscription |
09.3 (Willow marsh shrublands) Class: Carici-Salicetea cinereae
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English circumscription |
10.1 (Alder marsh woodlands) Class: Alnetea glutinosae
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English circumscription |
10.2 (Mesophilous, summer-green deciduous forests) Class: Carpino-Fagetea
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